Abstract
We discuss different mechanisms for curvature-induced domain formation in multicomponent lipid membranes and present a theoretical model that allows us to study the interplay between the domains. The model represents the membrane by two coupled monolayers, which each carry an additional order parameter field describing the local lipid composition. The spontaneous curvature of each monolayer is coupled to the local composition; moreover, the lipid compositions on opposing monolayers are coupled to each other. Using this model, we calculate the phase behavior of the bilayer in mean-field approximation. The resulting phase diagrams are surprisingly complex and reveal a variety of phases and phase transitions, including a decorated microdomain phase where nanodomains are aligned along the microdomain boundaries. Our results suggest that external membrane tension can be used to control the lateral organization of nanodomains (which might be associated with lipid “rafts”) in a multicomponent lipid bilayer.
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Acknowledgments
The ideas presented in this paper are based on previous work, mostly simulations, that were carried out by Stefan Dolezel, Gerhard Jung, Olaf Lenz, Sebastian Meinhardt, Jörg Neder, and Beate West. These simulations have given us trust in the coupled monolayer model which on which the present model is built. We also wish to thank Frank Brown, Laura Toppozini, Maikel Rheinstädter, and Richard Vink for collaborations that have helped to shape our view on lipid bilayers. We thank in particular Michael Schick for helpful comments on the manuscript and for pointing out Refs. [85, 86, 90].
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Brodbek, L., Schmid, F. Interplay of curvature-induced micro- and nanodomain structures in multicomponent lipid bilayers. Int J Adv Eng Sci Appl Math 8, 111–120 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12572-015-0152-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12572-015-0152-z