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An early Pliocene anuran assemblage from Mallorca (Balearic Islands, Western Mediterranean): palaeobiogeographic and palaeoenvironmental implications

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Abstract

A new anuran assemblage from the early Zanclean of Mallorca (Balearic Islands) is described using a set of 47 fossil bones obtained at the deposit of Na Burguesa-1, Mallorca. The assemblage includes four different anuran taxa: Alytes (Baleaphryne) aff. muletensis, Discoglossus sp., an indeterminate Bufonidae, and an indeterminate Ranidae. The record of Alytes and Discoglossus in this site represents the earliest evidence for the presence of their lineages on the Balearic Islands. The remains of the bufonid and the ranid constitute the first fossil record of these families in the Balearics. The discovery of this anuran assemblage has a relevant significance for the knowledge of the vertebrate colonisation of the Balearic Islands during the Messinian Salinity Crisis, especially due to the presence of a ranid and Discoglossus. These two taxa suggest that dispersal via a riparian corridor could have played a significant role in the Messinian colonisation of Mallorca, together with the corridor formed by the subaerial exposition of the Balearic Promontory. The Na Burguesa-1 site furnished one of the most diverse early Pliocene fossil anuran assemblages known so far in the Mediterranean islands.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (Madrid, Spain) for the loan of specimens of extant Discoglossus and to Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle (Paris) for allowing a predoctoral stay there of the one of authors (ETR) in the framework of a predoctoral mobility grant (EEBB-I-15-09609), of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness. We acknowledge Dr. D. Jaume (IMEDEA) for his assistance with the manuscript review. We also thank Alex Valenzuela and Anna Diaz for their useful comments. This paper is a contribution to the project CGL2016-79795 financed by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness. One of authors (ETR) benefited of a Predoctoral fellowship (BES-2013-062867) of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness during the completion of this study. In 2013, SB benefited from a grant of MNHN Paris, Action Transversale Museum (ATM): Biodiversité actuelle et fossile. Crises, stress, restaurations et panchronisme: le message systématique). Finally, we are grateful to Dr. Zbyněk Roček (Prague) and Dr. Jean-Claude Rage (Paris) for their valuable comments on our original text.

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  1. Pere Bover

    Present address: Australian Centre for Ancient DNA (ACAD), School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biodiversity and Conservation, Institut Mediterrani d’Estudis Avançats, Cr Miquel Marqués 21, 07190, Esporles, Mallorca, Spain

    Enric Torres-Roig, Pere Bover & Josep Antoni Alcover

  2. UMR 7209 et 7194, CNRS, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle and Sorbonne Universités, 55 rue de Buffon, CP55, 75005, Paris, France

    Salvador Bailon

  3. Research Associate, Division of Vertebrate Zoology/Mammalogy Department, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, NY, USA

    Pere Bover & Josep Antoni Alcover

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  1. Enric Torres-Roig
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Torres-Roig, E., Bailon, S., Bover, P. et al. An early Pliocene anuran assemblage from Mallorca (Balearic Islands, Western Mediterranean): palaeobiogeographic and palaeoenvironmental implications. Palaeobio Palaeoenv 97, 315–327 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12549-017-0273-4

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