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Geochemistry and paleoweathering of metasediments and pyrite-bearing quartzite during the Neoproterozoic Era, Wadi Ibib-Wadi Suwawrib, South Eastern Desert, Egypt

  • S. I. SCJGE-1 2019
  • Published:
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Abstract

This contribution focuses on new geological and geochemical investigations of Wadi Ibib (WI)-Wadi Suwawrib (WS) metasediments and pyrite-bearing quartzites to deduce the paleoweathering, paleoclimatology processes, sources, and provenances of their old sediments. Variable weathering indexes such as the chemical alteration index (CIA) and chemical index of weathering (CIW) as well as the plagioclase alteration index (PIA) reflect a mild-medium chemical-weathering effect. Furthermore, variation in climate increases the opportunity for chemical weathering. The studied metasediments are enriched in major (with expectation of SiO2), trace, and rare earth elements (REEs) relative to quartzite. The steep slope of LREEs is clear in the studied metasediments and quartzite (La/Sm av. = 1.8, 3.07, respectively) and weakly fractionated of HREEs for both (Gd/Yb av. = 1.3, 0.28, respectively). A strong negative Eu anomaly (Eu/Eu* = 0.1–0.4; 0.26 in average) was obviously recorded in the examined quartzite and shallower in metasediments (Eu/Eu*= 0.2–0.9; 0.53). The latter contain Eu/Eu* values akin to Egyptian metasediments, Proterozoic greywackes, Post-Archean Australian shale (PAAs), and upper continental crust (UCC). The SiO2/Al2O3 ratio ranges from 7.73 to 9.32 (av. 8.5) for quartzite, suggesting sedimentary maturation, while metasediments (3.28–4.59) are immature. Variable discrimination diagrams reveal that the WI-WS metasediments deposited in continental arc setting may be back-arc comparable with Egyptian metasediments, whereas the examined quartzite was developed in passive margin.

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Acknowledgements

The authors sincerely thank Prof. Dr. D.R. Lentz, Department of Earth Sciences, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada, for his help during the EPMA analysis and is deeply thankful to Prof. Dr. M. E. Ibrahim, NMA, Cairo, Egypt, for his assistance in the fieldwork. The authors would like to thank the guest editors and Prof. Dr. Abdullah M. Al-Amri (editor in chief) for handling the manuscript and an anonymous referee for their constructive comments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Nuclear Materials Authority, P.O.Box 530 El Maadi, Cairo, Egypt

    Gehad M. Saleh & Farrage M. Khaleal

  2. Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, P.O. Box 11884, Cairo, Egypt

    El Saeed R. Lasheen

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  1. Gehad M. Saleh
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  2. Farrage M. Khaleal
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Gehad M. Saleh , Farrage M. Khalil and El Saeed R. Lasheen are contributed in conceptualization, data curation, writing and reviewing manuscript.

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Correspondence to El Saeed R. Lasheen.

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Saleh, G.M., Khaleal, F.M. & Lasheen, E.S.R. Geochemistry and paleoweathering of metasediments and pyrite-bearing quartzite during the Neoproterozoic Era, Wadi Ibib-Wadi Suwawrib, South Eastern Desert, Egypt. Arab J Geosci 15, 51 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-021-09141-5

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