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Monitoring of wetland changes affected by drought using four Landsat satellite data and Fuzzy ARTMAP classification method (case study Hamoun wetland, Iran)

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Abstract

As an important environmental resource, wetlands play a significant role in maintaining the ecological balance of arid regions. The drying of wetlands, due to climate and land use/cover changes, is one of the most important sources of sand and dust storms. The Hamoun wetland, located on the common border between Iran and Afghanistan, is one of the most important and yet vulnerable ecosystems. It is of international importance and has undergone many changes over the years. In this, a Fuzzy ARTMAP method was applied on four dates of Landsat satellite data, including MSS (1977), TM (1988), ETM + (2002), and OLI (2014) sensors for multi-date change detection analysis. In addition, the related phenomena such as vegetation index (NDVI), spatial trend of dust, and drought in three periods (1978–1988, 1988–2002, and 2002–2014) were examined. Moreover, climate factors of drought index such as precipitation and dust occurrences were used to analyze the results. The results showed that the water surface extent of the Hamoun triple wetlands underwent changes in the three periods due to drought and human activities, especially between the years 1988 and 2002 (the second period). The water surface extent has decreased by 3.61% and 6.56% in the first and second periods, respectively. In the second period, there was an increase in the drought parameters. In the third period, however, changes were towards an increase in the water surface extent and reviving the wetland so that the water level increased by 9.23%. Furthermore, there was a direct correlation between changes in water surface extent of the Hamoun wetlands and drought, dust, and changes in vegetation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Engineering, School of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

    Amir Houshang Ehsani

  2. Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

    Mojtaba Shakeryari

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  1. Amir Houshang Ehsani
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  2. Mojtaba Shakeryari
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Correspondence to Amir Houshang Ehsani.

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Editorial Responsibility: Amjad Kallel

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Ehsani, A.H., Shakeryari, M. Monitoring of wetland changes affected by drought using four Landsat satellite data and Fuzzy ARTMAP classification method (case study Hamoun wetland, Iran). Arab J Geosci 14, 1363 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-020-06320-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-020-06320-8

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