Abstract
Sugarcane is a long-duration, huge biomass accumulating crop and requires a number of cultural and management operations from planting to harvesting. It is also a wonder crop where after harvesting of the main crop, the subsequent ratoon crop is generated through established root system. Adoption of green technologies is a viable option to improve sugarcane productivity and sustainability. Fine-tuning the green technologies, different methods/techniques of crop production, planting methods (cane node/STP technologies and planting through Cutter Planter), nutrient management strategies (intercropping, green manuring, press mud, bio-compost, bio-fertilizers, etc.), insect–pest and disease management options (cultural and physical methods, use of bio-agents, bio-pesticides, botanicals, light/pheromone or combo traps, etc.) and management of adverse climatic conditions (drought and flood) and/or crop residue recycling and trash management technologies may not only improve soil health and cane productivity but are also eco-friendly and environmentally safe. These green technological interventions are being applied in sugarcane and sugarcane-based production system in the country. Improvement in the crop productivity vis-a-vis sustaining natural resources is key components to be addressed through these technologies. Thus, reduction in cost of production, improvement in soil health, increased crop productivity and overall improvement in cane sugar productivity and farmers’ income would be possible through the adoption of green technologies. The established green technologies in sugarcane production system and pre- and post-harvest management have potential to improve cane yield and sugar recovery besides enhancing farmer’s income and sustainability. In this present paper, various aspects of increasing sugarcane and sugar yields, reducing cost of production and increasing farmers’ income through the adoption of green technologies have been discussed.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Adnan, S., M. Uddin, M. Alam, M. Islam, M. Kashem, and M. Rafii. 2014. Management of mango hopper, idioscopus clypealis, using chemical insecticides and neem oil. Science World Journal. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/709614.
Agarwal, M.P., and M. Singh. 1986. Effect of mulches on soil temperature and sprouting of sugarcane ratoons. International Journal of Tropical Agricultural 4: 23–29.
Angers, D.A. 1998. Water-stable aggregates in Quebec silty clay soil: some factors controlling its dynamics. Soil and Tillage Research 47: 91–96.
Aoyama, M., D.A. Angers, and A.N. Dayegamiya. 1999a. Particulate and mineral associated organic matter in water stable aggregates as affected by mineral fertilizer and manure applications. Canadian Journal of Soil Science 79: 295–302.
Aoyama, M., D.A. Angers, A.N. Dayegamiya, and N. Bissinate. 1999b. Protected organic matter in water stable aggregates as affected by mineral fertilizer and manure applications. Canadian Journal of Soil Science 79: 419–425.
Arakaki, N., and Y. Yoshiyasu. 1988. Notes on biology, taxonomy and distribution of Aphidophagous pyrallid Dipha aphidivora (Meyrick) Comb. Nov. (Lepidoptera: Pyrallidae). Applied Entomology and Zoology 23: 234–244.
Bakshi, R., G. Hemaprabha, and P. Murali. 2017. Karnal wonders: early maturing varieties of sugarcane for sub tropical India. Indian Farming 67 (2): 69–72.
Balasubramanian, A., R. Siddaramappa, and G. Rangaswami. 1972. Effect of organic manuring on the activities of the enzymes hydrolysing sucrose and urea and on soil aggregation. Plant and Soil 37: 319–328.
Balikai, R.A. and R.K. Patil. 2003. Sugarcane white woolly aphid situation in Bijapur district and its management. Paper Presented in MOA, GOI Sponsored State Level Collaborative Training Course on Woolly aphid Management in Sugarcane organised by University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad from 19–23 December, 2003, pp. 26–27.
Beare, M.H., R.W. Parmelee, P.F. Hendrix, W. Cheng, D.C. Coleman, D.A. Jr, and D.A. Crossley. 1992. Microbial and faunal interactions and effects on litter nitrogen and decomposition in agro ecosystems. Ecology Mongraph 62: 569–591.
Bhander, P.K., M.S.U. Bhuiya, and M.A. Salam. 1998. Effect of Sesbania rostrata biomass and nitrogen fertilizer on the yield and yield attributes of transplant Amain rice. Progressive Agriculture 9: 89–93.
Brotodjojo, R.R., and D. Arbiwati. 2016. Effect of application of granular organic fertilizer enriched with boiler ash and neem leaves powder on plant resistance against insect pests. International Journal of Bioscience, Biochemistry and Bioinformatics 6: 152. https://doi.org/10.17706/ijbbb.2016.6.4.152-157.
Bulluck III, L.R., M. Brosius, G.K. Evanylo, and J.B. Ristaino. 2002. Organic and synthetic fertility amendments influence soil microbial, physical and chemical properties on organic and conventional farms. Applied Soil Ecology 19: 147–160.
Cavalcante, V.A., and J. Dobereiner. 1988. A new acid tolerant nitrogen fixing bacterium associated with sugarcane. Plant and Soil 108: 23–31.
Chaudhary, S., K.K. Rupinder, A. Sehgal, D.M. Cahill, C.J. Barrow, R. Sehgal, and J.R. Kanwar. 2017. Progress on azadirachta indica based biopesticides in replacing synthetic toxic pesticides. Frontier in Plant Science 8: 610.
Chhonkar, P.K. 2002. Organic farming myth and reality. In Proceedings of the FAI Seminar on Fertilizer and Agriculture Meeting the Challenges, New Delhi.
Dawe, D., A. Dobermann, J.K. Ladha, R.L. Yadav, B. Lin, R.K. Gupta, P. Lal, G. Panaullah, O. Sariam, Y. Singh, A. Swarup, and Q.X. Zhen. 2003. Do organic amendments improve yield trends and profitability in intensive rice systems? Field Crops Research 83: 191–213.
Dominguez, J. 1997. Testing the impact of vermi-composting. Bio Cycle 1: 1–21.
Gajalakshmi, S., and S. Abbasi. 2004. Neem leaves as a source of fertilizer-cum-pesticide vermicompost. Bioresource Technology 92: 291–296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2003.09.012.
Gaur, A.C., and S.K. Prasad. 1970. Effect of organic matter and inorganic fertilizers on plant parasitic nematodes. Indian Journal of Entomology 32: 186–188.
Gaur, A.C. 1992. Bulky organic manures and crop residues. In Fertilizer Organic Manures Recyclable Wastes and Bio-Fertilizers, ed. H.L.S. Tandon. New Delhi: Fertiliser Development and Consultation Organisation.
Gaur, A.C., K.V. Sadasivam, O.P. Vimal, R.S. Mathur, and S.K. Kavimandan. 1972. Studies on the humification of organic matter in a red Rakar soil. Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie 128: 149–161.
Gupta, J.P. 1989. Integrated effect of water harvesting, manuring and mulching on soil properties, growth and yield of crops in pearl millet-mung bean rotation. Tropical Agriculture 66: 233–239.
Gupta, N., S. Tripathi, and C. Balomajumder. 2011. Characterization of press mud: a sugar industry waste. Fuel 90: 389–394.
Haynes, R.J., R.S. Swift, and R.C. Stephen. 1991. Influence of mixed cropping rotations (pasture arable) on organic matter content, stable aggregation, and clod porosity in a group of soils. Soil and Tillage Research 19: 77–87.
Hirose, E., P.M. Neves, J.A. Zequi, L.H. Martins, C.H. Peralta, and A.J. Moino. 2001. Effect of biofertilizers and neem oil on the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana(Bals.) Vuill. and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. Brazilian Archieve Biology and Technology 44: 419–423. https://doi.org/10.1590/s1516-89132001000400013.
Hunsigi, G. 2001. Ratoon management. In: Sugarcane in agriculture and industry. Prism Books, Bangalore, p. 217.
Inoko, A. 1994. Compost as source of plant nutrients. In Organic Matter and Rice, ed. S. Banta and C.V. Mendoza, 137–146. Los Banos: IRRI.
Mansoor, S., M. Aslamkhan, N.A. Khan, and I.R. Nasir. 2016. Effect of whip smut disease on the quantitative and qualitative parameters of sugarcane varieties/lines. Agriculture Research & Technology 2: 1–6.
Miller, R.M., and J.D. Jastrow. 1990. Hierarchy of root and mychorrhizal fungal interactions with soil aggregation. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 22: 570–584.
Minhas, R.S., and A. Sood. 1994. “Effet of inorganic and organic on yield and nutrients uptake by three crops in rotation in aid alfisol. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science 42: 27–260.
Misra, G.N. 1971. Response of sugarcane to green manuring under North Indian conditions. Indian Sugar 20: 789–793.
Nambiar, K. K. M., Soni, P. N., Vats, M. R., Sehgal, D. K. and D. K. Mehta. 1992. “AICRP on long term fertilizer experiments,” Annual Reports 1987–1988 and 1988–1989, IARI, New Delhi, India.
Patra, D.D., M. Ram, and D.V. Singh. 1993. Influence of straw mulching on fertilizer nitrogen use efficiency, moisture conservation and herb and essential oil yield of Japanese mint. Fertility Research 34: 135–139.
Paustian, K., H.P. Collins, E.A. Paul, et al. 1997. Management control on soil carbon. In Soil organic matter in temperate agro ecosystems. Long-term experiments in North America, ed. E.A. Paul, 15–49. Boca Raton: CRC Press.
Prabhakar, R.T., M. Umadevi, and R.P. Chandrasekhar. 2010. Effect of fly ash and farm yard manure on soil properties and yield of rice grown on an inceptisol. Agricultural Science Digest 30: 281–285.
Prasad, S.K., S.D. Mishra, and A.C. Gaur. 1972. Effect of soil amendments on nematodes associated with wheat followed by mung and maize. Indian Journal of Entomology 34: 307–311.
Ramesh, T., C. Chinnusamy, and C. Jayanthi. 2004. Bioorganic nutrient management in sugarcane production—a review. Agriculture Review 25: 201–210.
Rocha, G.J.M., C. Martin, I.B. Soares, A.M. Souto-Maior, H.M. Baudel, and C.A. Moraes. 2011. Dilute mixed-acid pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse for the ethanol production. Biomass and Bioenergy 35: 663–670.
Rochette, P., and E.G. Gregorich. 1998. Dynamics of soil microbial biomass C, soluble organic C, and CO2 evolution after three years of manure applications. Canadian Journal of Soil Science 78: 283–290.
Sharma, K.N., and K.N. Namdeo. 1999. Effect of bio-fertilizers and phosphorus on growth and yield of Soybean (Glycine max L. Merill). Crop Research 17: 160–163.
Shukla, S.K., Sharma, L., Awasthi, S.K., and A.D. Pathak. 2017. Sugarcane in India: Package of Practices for Different Agro-climatic Zones, pp. 1–64. Indian Instituite of Sugarcane Research, Lucknow, India.
Singh, K. and J.S. Bohra. 2009. Net working project on diversification of rice wheat system through pulses and oilseeds. Project Report. UPCAR, Lucknow.
Singh, M., and R.M. Sharma. 1991. Microbial population and decomposition of sugarcane trash at different relative humidities. Journal Indian Society of Soil Science 39: 189–190.
Singh, S.A., Yadav, R.K., Malik. and H. Singh. 2002. Furrow irrigated raised bed planting system: a resource conservation technology for increasing wheat productivity in rice-wheat sequence. In Herbicide Resistance Management and Zero Tillage in Rice-wheat Cropping System, ed. R. K Malik et al., pp. 198–200. Proceedings of the International Workshop, Hisar, India, 4–6 March 2002, CCS HAU Hissar.
Singh, V.K., B.S. Dwivedi, A.K. Shukla, Y.S. Chauhan, and R.L. Yadav. 2005. Diversification of rice with pigeonpea in a rice-wheat cropping system on a typic ustochrept: effect on soil fertility, yield and nutrient use efficiency. Field Crops Research 92: 85–105.
Solomon, S. 2000. Post harvest cane deterioration and its milling consequences. Sugar Tech 2: 1–18.
Solomon, S., and Priyanka Singh. 2009. Efficacy of electrolyzed water to minimize postharvest sucrose losses in sugarcane. Sugar Tech 11(2): 228–230.
Solomon, S., A.K. Shrivastava, B.L. Srivastava, and V.K. Madan. 1997. Pre-milling Sugar losses and their Management in Sugarcane. Technical Bulletin No. 37, 1–217. Lucknow: Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research.
Soomro, A.F., S. Tunio, F.C. Oad, and I. Rajper. 2013. Integrated effect of inorganic and organic fertilizers on the yield and quality of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum). Pakistan Journal of Botany 45: 1339–1348.
Srivastava, P.N., D.N. Singh, and S.B. Singh. 2005. Integrated nutrient management in sugarcane: performance of FYM, Biocompost and pressmud cake with inorganic N on growth and quality indices. Cooperative Sugar 36: 993–998.
Stamford, N.P., R.A. Lima, C.R.S. Santos, and S.H.L. Dias. 2006. Rock Biofertilizers with Acidithiobacillus on sugarcane yield and nutrient uptake in a Brazilian soil. Geomicrobiology 23: 261–265.
Sundara, B., and B.K. Tripathi. 1989. Available N changes and N balance under multi ratooning of sugarcane varieties in tropical vertisol. In Proceedings 23rd International Society of Sugarcane Technologists, pp. 80–88.
Tandon, H.L.S. 2006. Fertilizers and their integration and organics and bio-fertilizers. In Fertilizers, Organic Manures, Recyclable Wastes and Bio-Fertilizers, ed. H.L.S. Tandon, 32–36. New Delhi: FDCO.
Tisdall, J.M., and J.M. Oades. 1982. Organic matter and water stable aggregates in soils. Journal of Soil Science 33: 141–163.
Verma, R.S. 2002. Sugarcane Ratoon Management, 202. Lucknow: International Book Distributing Co. Pvt. Ltd.
Vinale, F., K. Sivasithamparam, E.L. Ghisalberti, R. Marra, S.L. Woo, and M. Lorito. 2008. Trichoderma-plant-pathogen interactions. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 40: 1–10.
Yadav, A.K. 2010. Organic Agriculture (Concept, Scenario, Principals and Practices), National Project on Organic farming, Department of Agriculture and Cooperation, Govt of India.
Yadav, R.L., and S. Solomon. 2006. Potential of developing sugarcane by-product based industries in India. Sugar Tech 8: 104–111.
Yadav, R.L., S.R. Prasad, R.P. Singh, and V.K. Srivastava. 1994. Recycling sugarcane trash to conserve soil organic carbon for sustaining yields of successive ratoon crops in sugarcane. Bioresource Technology 49: 231–235.
Yadav, R.L., S.K. Shukla, A. Suman, and P.N. Singh. 2009a. Trichoderma inoculation and trash management effects on soil microbial biomass, soil respiration, nutrient uptake and yield of ratoon sugarcane under subtropical conditions. Biology and Fertility of Soils 45: 461–468.
Yadav, R.L., D.V. Yadav, and S.K. Shukla. 2009b. Bio intensive Agronomy: a paradigm shift in agronomic research. Indian Journal of Agronomy 54: 105–112.
Zaller, J.G., and U. Kopke. 2004. Effects of traditional and biodynamic farmyard manure amendments on yields, soil chemical and biological properties in a long term experiment. Biology and Fertility of Soils 40: 222–229.
Zhu, Z.I., C.Q. Liu, and B.F. Jiang. 1984. Mineralization of organic nitrogen, phosphorus and sulphur in some paddy soils in China. Organic Matter and Rice, 259–272. Los Banos: IRRI.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Shukla, S.K., Solomon, S., Sharma, L. et al. Green Technologies for Improving Cane Sugar Productivity and Sustaining Soil Fertility in Sugarcane-Based Cropping System. Sugar Tech 21, 186–196 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12355-019-00706-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12355-019-00706-z