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Comparative Analysis of the Temporomandibular Joints in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT)

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Abstract

Introduction

Chronic periodontitis is a common disorder in adults causing periodontal destruction and loss of teeth. These clinical presentations may lead to temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs). This study aimed to examine the anatomic structures of the temporomandibular joints (TMJs) using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in patients with chronic periodontitis.

Methods

Fifty patients with chronic periodontitis were enrolled in the study. Based on the severity of chronic periodontitis, these patients were divided into the mild, moderate, and severe groups. CBCT images of TMJs were acquired and reconstructed. Several indices on the reconstructed CBCT images were collected and analyzed, such as the oblique joint space parallel to the long axis of the condyle, the long axis diameter of the condyle, the vertical angle of the condyle, the inclination of the articular eminence vertical to the long axis of condyle at the oblique and sagittal positions, the depth of the fossa, and the horizontal angle of the cross-sections. The measurements between right and left sides of each patient were compared. Statistical analysis (paired samples t test) was performed.

Results

The differences of the joint space vertical to the bilateral condyles were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Additionally, in the severe periodontitis group, the distances between the inner and outer poles of the condyles were statistically different (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

In patients with chronic periodontitis, TMJ space vertical to the condyles and the distances between the outer and inner poles of the condyle may change over time. These two indices can potentially be used as indicators for diagnosis and further comparative analyses.

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Acknowledgements

Funding

This research and the journal’s rapid service fee were supported by University-level Fund of Ningxia Medical University of China (no. XM2016086), Capital Clinical Application Research and Results Promotion Project (no. Z171100001017154), General Hospital Transformation Project (2017TM-030), General Hospital Clinical Research Supporting Fund (2018FC-304M-TSYS-05), and the Natural Science Foundation of Ningxia (2020AAC03355).

Authorship

All named authors meet the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) criteria for authorship for this article, take responsibility for the integrity of the work as a whole, and have given their approval for this version to be published.

Disclosures

Xiaoqian Guo, Ziyan Guo, Changyi Yang, Jingjiao Wang, Min Zhao, Yanfeng Li, and Li Wang have nothing to disclose.

Compliance with Ethics Guidelines

The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital. Written informed consent was obtained from all the study subjects before enrollment. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki 1964 and its later amendments.

Data Availability

The datasets generated and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Correspondence to Yanfeng Li.

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Guo, X., Yang, C., Wang, J. et al. Comparative Analysis of the Temporomandibular Joints in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT). Adv Ther 38, 541–549 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12325-020-01508-6

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