Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Status and Interrelationship of Zinc, Copper, Iron, Calcium and Selenium in Prostate Cancer

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Deficiency or excess of certain trace elements has been considered as risk factor for prostate cancer. This study was aimed to detect differential changes and mutual correlations of selected trace elements in prostate cancer tissue versus benign prostatic hyperplasia tissue. Zinc, copper, iron, calcium and selenium were analysed in histologically proven 15 prostate cancer tissues and 15 benign prostatic hyperplasia tissues using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Unpaired two tailed t test/Mann–Whitney U test and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to compare the level of trace elements, elemental ratios and their interrelations. As compared to benign prostatic tissue, malignant prostatic tissue had significantly lower selenium (p = 0.038) and zinc (p = 0.043) concentrations, a lower zinc/iron ratio (p = 0.04) and positive correlation of selenium with zinc (r = 0.71, p = 0.02) and iron (r = 0.76, p = 0.009). Considerably divergent interrelationship of elements and elemental ratios in prostate cancer versus benign prostatic hyperplasia was noted. Understanding of differential elemental changes and their interdependence may be useful in defining the complex metabolic alterations in prostate carcinogenesis with potential for development of element based newer diagnostic, preventive and therapeutic strategies. Further studies may be needed to elucidate this complex relationship between trace elements and prostate carcinogenesis.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Vinceti M, Venturelli M, Sighinolfi C, TrerotoliP Bonvicini F, Ferrari A, et al. Case-control study of toenail cadmium and prostate cancer risk in Italy. Sci Total Environ. 2007;373:77–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Platz EA, Helzlsouer KJ. Selenium, zinc, and prostate cancer. Epidemiol Rev. 2001;23:93–101.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Arnold WN. Selenium and the prostate. J Appl Biomed. 2005;3:59–66.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Karimi G, Shahar S, Homayouni N, Rajikan R, Abu Bakar NF, Othman MS. Association between trace element and heavy metal levels in hair and nail with prostate cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2012;13:4249–53.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Kaba M, Pirincci N, Yuksel MB, Gecit I, Gunes M, Ozveren H, et al. Serum levels of trace elements in patients with prostate cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2014;15:2625–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Klein EA, Thompson IM. Chemoprevention of prostate cancer: an updated view. World J Urol. 2012;30:189–94.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Park SY, Wilkens LR, Morris JS, Henderson BE, Kolonel LN. Serum zinc and prostate cancer risk in a nested case-control study: the multiethnic cohort. Prostate. 2013;73:261–6.

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Zaichick S, Zaichick V. Trace elements of normal, benign hypertrophic and cancerous tissues of the human prostate gland investigated by neutron activation analysis. Appl Radiat Isot. 2012;70:81–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Picurelli L, Olcina PV, Roig MD, Ferrer J. Determination of Fe, Mg, Cu, and Zn in normal and pathological prostatic tissue. Actas Urol Esp. 1991;15:344–50.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Sapota A, Darago A, Taczalski J, Kilanowicz A. Disturbed homeostasis of zinc and other essential elements in the prostate gland dependent on the character of pathological lesions. Biometals. 2009;22:1041–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Neugebauer EA, Sans Cartier GL, Wakeford BJ. Methods for the determination of metals in wildlife tissues using various atomic absorption spectrophotometry techniques. Cat.2000: CW69-5/337E.

  12. Yaman M, Atici D, Bakirdere S, Akdeniz I. Comparison of trace metal concentrations in malign and benign human prostate. J Med Chem. 2005;48:630–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Christudoss P, Selvakumar R, Fleming JJ, Gopalakrishnan G. Zinc status of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate carcinoma. Indian J Urol. 2011;27:14–8.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Goluch-Koniuszy Z, Rygielska M, Nowacka I. Nutritional status and nutritional habits of men with benign prostatic hyperplasia or prostate cancer—preliminary investigation. Acta Sci Pol Technol Aliment. 2013;12:319–30.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Adedapo KS, Arinola OG, Shittu OB, Kareem OI, Okolo CA, Nwobi LN. Diagnostic value of lipids, total antioxidants, and trace metals in benign prostate hyperplasia and prostate cancer. Niger J Clin Pract. 2012;15:293–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Quyang SY, Li SL. Investigations of trace elements in hair of patients with prostate carcinoma, benign prostatic hypertrophy, and normal controls. Hunan Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao. 2000;25:279–80.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Guntupalli JN, Padala S, Gummuluri AV, Muktineni RK, Byreddy SR, Sreerama L, et al. Trace elemental analysis of normal, benign hypertrophic and cancerous tissues of the prostate gland using the particle-induced X-ray emission technique. Eur J Cancer Prev. 2007;16:108–15.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Zachara BA, Szewczyk-Golec K, Wolski Z, Tyloch J, Skok Z, Bloch-Boguslawska E, et al. Selenium level in benign and cancerous prostate. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2005;103:199–206.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Hurst R, Hooper L, Norat T, Lau R, Aune D, Greenwood DC, et al. Selenium and prostate cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr. 2012;96:111–22.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Geybels MS, Verhage BA, van Schooten FJ, Goldbohm RA, van den Brandt PA. Advanced prostate cancer risk in relation to toenail selenium levels. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2013;105:1394–401.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Vinceti M, Dennert G, Crespi CM, Zwahlen M, Brinkman M, Zeegers MP, et al. Selenium for preventing cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;3:CD005195.

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Mandair D, Rossi RE, Pericleous M, Whyand T, Caplin ME. Prostate cancer and the influence of dietary factors and supplements: a systematic review. Nutr Metab(Lond). 2014;. doi:10.1186/1743-7075-11-30.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Lippman SM, Klein EA, Goodman PJ, Lucia MS, Thompson IM, Ford LG, et al. Effect of selenium and vitamin E on risk of prostate cancer and other cancers: the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT). JAMA. 2009;301:39–51.

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Kristal AR, Darke AK, Morris JS, Tangen CM, Goodman PJ, Thompson IM, et al. Baseline selenium status and effects of selenium and vitamin e selenium supplementation on prostate cancer risk. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2014;. doi:10.1093/jnci/djt456.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Gerstenberger JP, Bauer SR, Van Blarigan EL, Sosa E, Song X, Witte JS, et al. Selenoprotein and antioxidant genes and the risk of high-grade prostate cancer and prostate cancer recurrence. Prostate. 2015;75:60–9.

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Zaichick VYe, Sviridova TV, Zaichick SV. Zinc in the human prostate gland: normal, hyperplastic and cancerous. Int Urol Nephrol. 1997;29:565–74.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Banas A, Kwiatek WM, Banas K, Gajda M, Pawlicki B, Cichocki T. Correlation of concentrations of selected trace elements with Gleason grade of prostate tissues. J Biol Inorg Chem. 2010;15:1147–55.

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Bryś M, Nawrocka AD, Miekoś E, Zydek C, Foksiński M, Barecki A, et al. Zinc and cadmium analysis in human prostate neoplasms. Biol Trace Elem Res. 1997;59:145–52.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Gumulec J, Masarik M, Adam V, Eckschlager T, Provaznik I, Kizek R. Serum and tissue zinc in epithelial malignancies: a meta-analysis. PLoS ONE. 2014;18(9):e99790. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0099790.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Leitzmann MF, Stampfer MJ, Wu K, Colditz GA, Willett WC, Giovannucci EL. Zinc supplement use and risk of prostate cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2003;95:1004–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Zhang Y, Coogan P, Palmer JR, Strom BL, Rosenberg L. Vitamin and mineral use and risk of prostate cancer: the case-control surveillance study. Cancer Causes Control. 2009;20:691–8.

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Gallus S, Foschi R, Negri E, Talamini R, Franceschi S, Montella M, et al. Dietary zinc and prostate cancer risk: a case-control study from Italy. Eur Urol. 2007;52:1052–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Gonzalez A, Peters U, Lampe JW, White E. Zinc intake from supplements and diet and prostate cancer. Nutr Cancer. 2009;61:206–15.

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Kristal AR, Stanford JL, Cohen JH, Wicklund K, Patterson RE. Vitamin and mineral supplement use is associated with reduced risk of prostate cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 1999;8:887–92.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Wagner SE, Burch JB, Hussey J, Temples T, Bolick-Aldrich S, Mosley-Broughton C, et al. Soil zinc content, groundwater usage, and prostate cancer incidence in South Carolina. Cancer Causes Control. 2009;20:345–53.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Platz EA, Helzlsouer KJ, Hoffman SC, et al. Prediagnostic toenail cadmium and zinc and subsequent prostate cancer risk. Prostate. 2002;52:288–96.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Ko YH, Woo YJ, Kim JW, Choi H, Kang SH, Lee JG, et al. High-dose dietary zinc promotes prostate intraepithelial neoplasia in a murine tumor induction model. Asian J Androl. 2010;12:164–70.

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Zaichick V, Nosenko S, Moskvina I. The effect of age on 12 chemical element contents in the intact prostate of adult men investigated by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2012;147:49–58.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Lui GY, Kovacevic Z, Menezes S, Kalinowski DS, Merlot AM, Sahni S, et al. Novel Thiosemicarbazones Regulate the Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) Pathway: inhibition of Constitutive and Interleukin 6 (IL6)—nduced Activation by Iron Depletion. Mol Pharmacol. 2015;87:543–60.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Qayyum MA, Shah MH. Comparative study of trace elements in blood, scalp hair and nails of prostate cancer patients in relation to healthy donors. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2014;162:46–57.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

Authors are thankful to King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, India for providing funding for this Intramural Research project.

Conflict of interest

Bhupendra Pal Singh, Shailendra Dwivedi, Urmila Dhakad, Ramesh Chandra Murthy, Vimal Kumar Choubey, Apul Goel and Satya Narayan Sankhwar declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Funding

This study was funded by Intramural Research Grant Fund from King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, India. (KGMU/Res.cell/Uro/10/Ref.Code: XLI ECM/B-P9).

Ethical standard

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, 226003, U.P., India

    Bhupendra Pal Singh, Shailendra Dwivedi, Urmila Dhakad, Vimal Kumar Choubey, Apul Goel & Satya Narayan Sankhwar

  2. Analytic Chemistry Section, CSIR - Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, 226016, U.P., India

    Ramesh Chandra Murthy

Authors
  1. Bhupendra Pal Singh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Shailendra Dwivedi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Urmila Dhakad
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Ramesh Chandra Murthy
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Vimal Kumar Choubey
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Apul Goel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Satya Narayan Sankhwar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Bhupendra Pal Singh.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Singh, B.P., Dwivedi, S., Dhakad, U. et al. Status and Interrelationship of Zinc, Copper, Iron, Calcium and Selenium in Prostate Cancer. Ind J Clin Biochem 31, 50–56 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12291-015-0497-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12291-015-0497-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation