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Cytogenetics, Geographical Distribution, Pollen Stainability and Fecundity of Santolina impressa (Asteraceae: Anthemideae)

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Abstract

Santolina impressa (2n = 2x = 18) is an endemic species of Portugal, with restricted geographical distribution. The present study aimed to explore its chromosomal variation in respect to chromosome morphology, meiotic behaviour, and effects on pollen stainability and fecundity. Its karyotype formula was found to be either 12m + 2msat + 2smsat + 2st (75% of the individuals) or 12m + 2msat + 3sm + 1smsat (25% of the individuals). Univalents were observed in 29.21% of the meiocytes. Chromosome fragments due to breakage in the chromosome arm were observed in 10 meiocytes only (11.23% of the meiocytes). Chains and rings of trivalents were observed in 14.60% of the meiocytes (one trivalent per meiocyte was observed). Chains and rings of quadrivalents were observed in 21.34% and 11.23% of the meiocytes, respectively, with a range of 0–1 per cell. Nine plants (40.90% of the total) with 2n = 2x = 18 + 2B showed a quadrivalent configuration in diakinesis. Twenty abnormal anaphases with delayed disjunction of the four non-homologous and the two homologous chromosomes were observed. Simple chromosome bridges without fragments and interchromosomal adhesions were observed in 35.95% of the anaphases analyzed. B chromosomes showed bivalent association in diakinesis and their segregation at anaphase I was normal. Pollen was found to be fertile (mean ± s.d. = 89.57 ± 47.14%); the effect of univalent frequency and frequency of abnormal anaphase I on pollen stainability was strong and statistically significant.

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Acknowledgements

I wish to thank the Instituto National de Meteorología for weather data for the study areas and the library of Seville University. I also would like to thank the herbaria ISAL, LISE, MA, MAF, PO, SANT, and Inst. Nun’ Alvres, Caldas de Saudí for supplying vouchers via loan, and Dr. F. J. Salgueiro of SEV herbarium for help and collaboration on scanning the images and for solving several IT problems. I am grateful to Prof. J. Sybenga, Prof. S. Talavera Lozano, Prof. F. Cano Sevilla, Dr. J. Mejías, and Dr. M. Laurin for their comments and the time spent, to Roger Churchill for help with the English version of the manuscript and to my friends C. Monsen, J. M. Higueras Carranza, and J. García López for their help.

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  1. Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Sevilla, Apdo 1095, 41080, Sevilla, Spain

    Aixa O. Rivero-Guerra

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  1. Aixa O. Rivero-Guerra
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Correspondence to Aixa O. Rivero-Guerra.

Appendix 1. Studies specimens of Santolina impressa

Appendix 1. Studies specimens of Santolina impressa

Portugal: Setúbal: Nos Montes, May 1900, Luisier 7402 (Inst. Nun’ Alvres, Caldas de Saudí); carretera de Alcácer do Sal a Troia, cruce hacia Batalha, 38°23′42″ N 8°34′35″ W, 19 m, 26 May 1998, Rivero-Guerra 331 (ARG), 242706 (SEV); idem, a 0.2 km del cruce a MonteJunl, 38°23′55″ N 8°36′54″ W, 13 m, 26 May 1998, Rivero-Guerra 332 (ARG), 242705 (SEV); idem, Comporta, 38°22′46″ N 8°46′28″ W, 14 m, 26 May 1998, Rivero-Guerra 333 (ARG), 242707 (SEV); idem, km 13, 38º23′45″ N 8º44′00″ W, 18 Aug 1998, Rivero-Guerra 450 (ARG); idem, km 26, 38º23′19″ N 8º45′48″ W, 18 Aug 1998, Rivero-Guerra 451 (ARG); idem, km 36, 38º23′40″ N 8º47′03″ W, 18 Aug 1998, Rivero-Guerra 452 (ARG); Península de Troia, 29 May 1972, Rivas Goday & Rivas Martínez 82971 (MAF); idem, 1 Jun 1978, Barbosa 119717 (SEV), 411653 (MA); idem, 10 m, 26 Jun 1961, M. da Silva 2290 59107 (LISE); idem, entre as instelacoes de OTAN e as dos Fuzileiros, 4 Jul 1940, Nedros (ISAL); idem, pr. ao Hotel Bico das Lulas, 25 Sept 1972, G. Costa 23976 (PO); idem, Caldeira de Troia, 18 Jul 1983, Gómez Pedro & J. F. Coste 24082 (ISAL); idem, próx. da Mallia da Costa, 27 Jun 1971, Malato-Beliz 11225 & al. 246888 (MA); idem, 10 Jun 1941, Luisier 7401 (Inst. Nun’ Alvres, Caldas de Saudí); idem, Troia, 38°26′08″ N 8°49′51″ W, 8 m, 18 Aug 1998, Rivero-Guerra 453 (ARG), 242708 (SEV); carretera de Troia a Sines, Torre, 38°20′35″ N 8°46′27″ W 24 m, 18 Aug 1998, Rivero-Guerra 454 (ARG), 242709 (SEV); idem, en el cruce Grándola-Sines, dirección Sines, 38°00′05″ N 8°49′46″ W, 34 m, 18 Aug 1998, Rivero-Guerra 455 (ARG), 242710 (SEV); idem, 8 km pasado Pineiro da Cruz dirección Sines, 38°14′59″ N 8°45′02″ W, 18 Aug 1998, Rivero-Guerra 456 (ARG); Grándola, praia de Santa Maria, 31 May 1968, Rozeira & A. Serra 23973 (PO); idem, entre Sto. André e Melides, 29 May 1968, Rozeira & A. Serra 23972 (PO); idem, Lagoa de Melides, 29 May 1968, Rozeira & A. Serra 23971 (PO); idem, Melides; Herdade do Chapanel, 2 Oct 1990, J. C. Costa & Espírito Santo (ISAL); idem, entre a lagoa eo mar, 17 Mar 1990, Espírito Santo (ISAL); idem, Torre, praia, 17 May 1977, Gómez Pedro 22162 (ISAL); idem, Cawalteal, entre a praia e a fovoacao, a Malhade Alta, 7 May 1977, Gómez Pedro 22180 (ISAL); idem, Pinheiro da Cruz, praia de Pinheiro da Cruz, 19 Jul 1983, Gómez Pedro & J. F. Costa 24089 (ISAL); San Lorenzo de Azeitao, Alto da Madalena, 12 May 1987, Gómez Pedro 24989 (ISAL); Alcácer do Sal, Comporta, cerca de 3 km desta povoaçao na estrada para Alcácer, 19 May 1990, J. C. Costa & Lousa (ISAL); Entre Alcácer do Sal y Comporta, 30 m, 19 May 1990, J. Amigo 020302 (SANT); Santiago do Cacém, entre a Lagoa de Melides e a Lagoa de Santo André, 30 Jun 1978, Barbosa 12972 (ISAL); Sines, terrenos arenosos, 5 Jul 1951 Rainha 2175, 08620 (SANT); idem, pr estacao de caminho de ferro, 50 m, 17 May 1962, Rainha 5475, 71296 (LISE); idem, a W, Parque Municipal de Turismo, 29 May 1970, Gómez Pedro 182 (ISAL); idem, a W do Farol, 28 May 1970 Gómez Pedro (ISAL); idem, a la salida del pueblo dirección Santiago do Cacém, 26 May 1998, Rivero-Guerra 330 (ARG); ibidem, 18 Aug 1998, Rivero-Guerra 449 (ARG); Cabo de Sines, 24 May 1979, Castroviejo & Valdés-Bermejo 5201, 445938 (MA); idem, 28 Jun 1956, Malato-Beliz 3295 & al. 246889 (MA); idem, 15 Jun 1971, de Vasconcellos (ISAL); idem, Sep 1940, de Vasconcellos & M. Torres (ISAL).

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Rivero-Guerra, A.O. Cytogenetics, Geographical Distribution, Pollen Stainability and Fecundity of Santolina impressa (Asteraceae: Anthemideae). Folia Geobot 45, 95–109 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12224-009-9055-8

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