Skip to main content
Log in

Seismic Behavior of Low-rise Concrete Shear Wall with Single Layer of Web Reinforcement and Inclined Rebars: Restoring Force Model

  • Structural Engineering
  • Published:
KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Aims and scope

Abstract

In order to study the restoring force model of low-rise concrete shear wall with single layer of web reinforcement and inclined rebars, a series of specimens were investigated by quasi-static tests. Based on the fitting of experimental data and theoretical analysis, the restoring force model considering four characteristic points (crack point, yield point, peak point and failure point) and degradation of unloading stiffness was established. The hysteretic rule of restoring force model was determined by analyzing characteristic of hysteresis curve for cyclic loading tests. The results show that skeleton curves and hysteresis curves calculated by the restoring force model are in good agreement with the test curves, which can provide reference for the elastic-plastic dynamic analysis of low-rise concrete shear walls with single layer of web reinforcements and inclined rebars. Shaking table tests of two low-rise concrete shear walls were also conducted to investigate dynamic performance and the seismic damage mechanism of low-rise concrete shear wall with single layer of web reinforcement and inclined rebars. Research on dynamic nonlinear simplified model of SAP2000 shows that the proposed restoring force model can be used to analyze the elastic and elastic-plastic dynamic response for the low-rise concrete shear wall with single layer of web reinforcement and inclined rebars.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Athanasopoulou, A. and Parra-Montesinos, G. (2013). “Experimental study on the seismic behavior of high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete low-rise walls.” ACI Structural Journal, vol. 110, no. 5, pp. 767–777. DOI: 10.1080/14786435.2013.817694.

    Google Scholar 

  • Benjamin, J. R. and Williams, H. A. (1957). “The behavior of onestorey reinforced concrete shear walls.” Journal of the Structural Division, vol. 1254, pp. 9–49.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beyer, K., Dazio, A., and Nigel Priestley, M. J. (2011). “Shear deformations of slender reinforced concrete walls under seismic loading.” ACI Structural Journal, vol. 108, no. 2, pp. 167–177.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bohl, A. and Adebar, P. (2011). “Plastic hinge lengths in high-rise concrete shear walls.” ACI Structural Journal, vol. 108, no. 2, pp. 148–157.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cao, W. L., Wu, D. Y., Yang, X. M., and Sun, T. B. (2008). “Experimental study on seismic performance of low-rise RC shear walls with bidirectional single row of steel bars.” World Earthquake Engineering, vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 72–79. DOI: 10.1109/CLEOE-EQEC.2009.5194697 [in Chinese].

    Google Scholar 

  • Carrillo, J. and Alcocer, S. M. (2012). “Seismic performance of concrete walls for housing subjected to shaking table excitations.” Engineering Structures, vol. 41, no. 3, pp. 98–107. DOI:0.1016/j.engstruct. 2012.03.025.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carrillo, J., Lizarazo, J. M., and Bonett, R. (2015). “Effect of lightweight and low-strength concrete on seismic performance of thin lightlyreinforced shear walls.” Engineering Structures, vol. 93, pp. 61–69. DOI: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.03.022.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Clough, R. W. and Johnston, S. B. (1966) “Effect of stiffness degradation on earthquake ductility requirements.” Proceedings of the 2nd Japan Earthquake Engineering Symposium, Tokyo: JSCE, pp. 37–44.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eberhard, M. O. and Meigs, B. E. (2012). “Earthquake-resisting system selection statistics for reinforced concrete buildings.” Earthquake Spectra, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 19–36. DOI: 10.1193/1.1585801.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fintel, M. (1974). “Ductile shear walls in earthquake resistant multistory buildings.” ACI journal, Proceedings, vol. 71, no. 6, pp. 296–365. DOI: 10.14359/17695.

    Google Scholar 

  • GB50010 (2010). Code for design of concrete structures, China Architecture & Building Press, Beijing, China [in Chinese].

    Google Scholar 

  • GB50011 (2010). Code for seismic design of building, China Architecture & Building Press, Beijing, China [in Chinese].

    Google Scholar 

  • Guo, Z. H. (2004) Principle and analysis of reinforced concrete, Tsinghua University Press, Beijing [in Chinese].

    Google Scholar 

  • Guo, Z. X., Tong, Y. S., and Qian, G. F. (1998) “Study on the deformation behavior and restoring force model of squat shear wall.” Journal of Xian University of Architecture & Technology, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 25–28. DOI: 10.15986/j.1006-7930.1998.01.007[in Chinese].

    Google Scholar 

  • Hidalgo, P. A., Jordan, R. M., and Martinez, M. P. (2002). “An analytical model to predict the inelastic seismic behavior of shear-wall, reinforced concrete structures.” Engineering Structures, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 85–98. DOI: 10.1016/s0141-0296(01)00061-x.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • JGJ 101-96 (1997). Specification of testing methods for earthquake resistant building, China Ministry of Construction, Beijing [in Chinese].

    Google Scholar 

  • Kou, J. L., Liang, X. W., and Deng, M. K. (2013). “Experimental and theoretical study of restoring force model of fiber reinforced concrete shear walls.” Civil Engineering Journal, vol. 46, no. 10, pp. 58–70. DOI: 10.15951/j.tmgcxb.2013.10.019 [in Chinese].

    Google Scholar 

  • Lequesne, R., Parra-Montesinos, G., and Wight, J. (2016). “Seismic response of fiber-reinforced concrete coupled walls.” ACI Structural Journal, vol. 113, no. 3, pp. 435–445. DOI: 10.14359/51688822.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li, H. N. and Li, B. (2004). “Experimental study on seismic restoring performance of reinforced concrete shear walls.” Journal of Building Structures, vol. 25, no. 5, pp. 35–42. DOI: 10.1007/BF02911033[in Chinese].

    Google Scholar 

  • Li, X. L. and Li, Q. N. (2014). “Research on the restoring force model of RC short-pier shear wall.” Earthquake Engineering & Engineering Dynamics, vol. 34, no. 5, pp. 100–107. DOI: 10.13197/j.eeev.2014.05.100.lixl.014 [in Chinese].

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Lu, Y. Q. and Huang, L. (2014). “Experimental data-based calculation method for ultimate displacement of flexure dominated RC walls with concealed columns.” Journal of Building Structures, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 80–88. DOI: 10.14006/j.jzjgxb.2014.02.012 [in Chinese].

    Google Scholar 

  • Ma, K. Z., Liang, X. W., Xiang, L., and Deng, M. K. (2011). “Restoring force model of steel reinforced concrete shear walls.” Engineering Mechanics, vol. 28, no. 8, pp. 119–123. DOI: 10.1111/j.1759-6831.2010.00113.x[in Chinese].

    Google Scholar 

  • Magenes, G. and Calvi, G. M. (2015). “In-plane seismic response of brick masonry walls.” Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics, vol. 26, no. 11, pp. 1091–1112. DOI:10.1002/(sici)1096-9845 (199711)26:11<1091::aid-eqe693>3.0.co;2-6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oesterle, R. G., Aristizabal-Ochoa, J. D., Shiu, K.N., and Corley, W. G. (1984). “Web crushing of reinforced concrete structural walls. ACI Structural Journal, vol. 81, no. 3, pp. 231–241. DOI: 10.1016/0022-3115(84)90073-4.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oesterle, R. G., Fiorato, A. E., and Johal, L. S. (1976). Earthquake resistant structural walls-tests of isolated walls, Report No. NSF/RA-760815. PB-271 467, Research and Development Laboratories, Portland Cement Association, Skokie, IL, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Park, Y. J., Reinhorn, A. M., and Kunnath, S. K. (1987). IDARC: Inelastic damage analysis of reinforced concrete − Frame-shear wall structures, Technical Report NCEER-87-0008. National Center for Earthquake Engineering Research, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Paulay, T. (1977). “Ductility of reinforced concrete shear walls for seismic areas, reinforced concrete structures in seismic zones.” ACI, Farmington Hills, Mich, vol. 53, pp. 127–147.

    Google Scholar 

  • Paulay, T. and Priestley, M. J. N. (1992). Seismic design of reinforced concrete and masonry buildings, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, NY, USA.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Penzien, J. (1962). “Dynamic response of elastic-plastic frames.” Journal of Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 88, No. ST7, pp. 1322–1340.

    Google Scholar 

  • Peter, L. and Hugo, B. (1994). “Dynamic modeling and design of earthquake-resistant walls.” Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics, vol. 23, no. 12, pp. 1331–1350.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Qian, J. R, Cheng, L. R., and Zhou, D. L. (2002). “Behavior of axially loaded concrete columns confined with ordinary hoops.” Journal of Tsinghua University, vol. 42, no. 10, pp. 1369–1373. DOI: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-0054.2002.10.026 [in Chinese].

    Google Scholar 

  • Su, Q. W, Xu, H., Wu, H., Zhang, Y., and Liu, G. (2013). “Research on inter-story displacement angle of brick masonry structures.” Civil Engineering Journal, Vol. 46, No. S1, pp. 111–116. DOI: 10.15951/j.tmgcxb.2013.s1.041 [in Chinese].

    Google Scholar 

  • Xiang, L. I. and Liang, X. (2010). “Study on restoring force model of high-performance concrete shear walls.” Journal of Earthquake Engineering & Engineering Vibration, vol. 30, no. 5, pp. 42–48. DOI: 10.1017/S0004972710001772 [in Chinese].

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, J. W., Cao, W. L., and Yin, W. S. (2009a). “Study on seismic performance of mid-rise RC shear wall with single row of steel bars and simplified boundary elements.” Civil Engineering Journal, vol. 42, no. 12, pp. 99–104. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-85168-4_52 [in Chinese].

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, J. W., Dong, H. Y., Cao, W. L., Yu, C., and Chi, Y. Z. (2016a). “Shaking table tests of low-rise shear walls made of recycled aggregate concrete.” Structural Engineering International, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 62–73. DOI: 10.2749/101686616X14480232444441.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, J. W., Li, W. D., Cao, W. L., Cai, C., and Wu, M. J. (2017). “Experimental study on the influence of different inclined reinforcements collocation on seismic performance of low-rise concrete shear wall with single row of steel bars.” Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology, vol. 49, no. 6, pp. 28–34. DOI: 10.11918/j.issn.0367-6234.201512108 [in Chinese].

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, S., Lu, X. L., and Zhang, H. M. (2009b) “Experimental and analytical studies on resilience models of RC shear walls.” Journal of Shenyang Jianzhu University, vol. 42, no. 4, pp. 10–16. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-85168-4_52 [in Chinese].

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, J. W., Yang, X. M., Cao, W. L., and Hu, J. M. (2016b). “Seismic performance of low-rise shear wall with single layer of web reinforcement and inclined steel bars.” Engineering Mechanics, Vol. 33, No. S1, pp. 125–132. DOI: 10.6052/j.issn.1000-4750.2015.04.S007[in Chinese].

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, J. W., Zheng, W. B., Yu, C., and Cao, W. L. (2018). “Shaking table test of reinforced concrete coupled shear walls with single layer of web reinforcement and inclined steel bars.” Advances in Structural Engineering, vol. 21, no. 15, pp. 2282–2298. DOI: 10.1177/1369433218772350.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jian-Wei Zhang.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Zhang, JW., Zheng, WB., Cao, WL. et al. Seismic Behavior of Low-rise Concrete Shear Wall with Single Layer of Web Reinforcement and Inclined Rebars: Restoring Force Model. KSCE J Civ Eng 23, 1302–1319 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-019-1264-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-019-1264-y

Keywords

Navigation