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Influence of post-transplant mucosal-associated invariant T cell recovery on the development of acute graft-versus-host disease in allogeneic bone marrow transplantation

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Abstract

Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) and invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are T cell subpopulations that possess innate-like properties. We examined the impact of post-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) MAIT and iNKT cell recovery on the clinical outcomes of 69 patients who underwent allogeneic HSCT at Kyoto University Hospital. Multivariate analyses identified the absolute number of MAIT cells (< 0.48/μL on day 60 post-HSCT) as the sole independent risk factor for grade I–IV and grade II–IV acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) among patients who underwent bone marrow transplantation; no correlation was observed between post-HSCT iNKT cell recovery and the development of aGVHD. Six of the 15 patients in the MAIThigh (≥ 0.48/μL) group developed aGVHD, five within the first 30 days post HSCT. In contrast, 13 of the 15 patients in the MAITlow (< 0.48/μL) group developed aGVHD, seven after day 30 post HSCT. The overall survival of the MAITlow group was slightly shorter than that of the MAIThigh group. Thus, the post-HSCT recovery of MAIT cells is closely related to the development of delayed onset aGVHD and the outcome of post-HSCT, suggesting its utility for identifying a subset of patients that requires more prolonged and/or intense GVHD prophylaxis.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Sato R. and Wakita T. for their help with the flow cytometry analysis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan

    Koji Kawaguchi, Katsutsugu Umeda, Eitaro Hiejima, Atsushi Iwai, Masamitsu Mikami, Seishiro Nodomi, Satoshi Saida, Itaru Kato, Hidefumi Hiramatsu, Takahiro Yasumi, Ryuta Nishikomori & Toshio Heike

  2. Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan

    Tadakazu Kondo & Akifumi Takaori-Kondo

  3. Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan

    Souichi Adachi

Authors
  1. Koji Kawaguchi
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  2. Katsutsugu Umeda
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  14. Toshio Heike
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  15. Souichi Adachi
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Contributions

KK, KU, ATK, and SA designed the research, organized the project, and wrote the manuscript. KK, EH, RS, TW, and HH performed the flow cytometry analysis and analyzed the data. KK, AI, MM, SN, and TK collected data from medical records. IK, KU, TY, TH, and SA assisted with the interpretation of data and provided insightful comments. All authors interpreted the data and reviewed and approved the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Koji Kawaguchi.

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The authors have no competing financial interests to declare.

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Kawaguchi, K., Umeda, K., Hiejima, E. et al. Influence of post-transplant mucosal-associated invariant T cell recovery on the development of acute graft-versus-host disease in allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Int J Hematol 108, 66–75 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12185-018-2442-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12185-018-2442-2

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