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Improvement of Water Hyacinth Bioconversion by Different Organic and Mineral Acid Pretreatment and the Effect of Post-pretreatment Washing

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Abstract

Water hyacinth is a non-edible plant having a severe impact on aquatic ecosystems through native vegetation displacement and lower dissolved oxygen concentration. High cellulose and low lignin content make water hyacinth a potential source for biofuel production. Water hyacinth was subjected to acid pretreatment using organic acids (citric acid (CA) and oxalic acid (OA)) and mineral acid (hydrochloric acid (HA)) to enhance enzymatic saccharification, and ethanol and biogas production. Under optimized pretreatment condition, the reducing sugars released from enzymatic saccharifications of CA-, OA-, and HA-pretreated samples increased by 2.56-, 1.71-, and 1.62-fold, respectively, than untreated sample. Maximum ethanol yield (8.97 g/L) was observed for OA-pretreated (1.68-fold increase) than untreated water hyacinth, whereas CA-pretreated sample produced the highest biogas yield (3421.5 mL) after anaerobic digestion for 45 days. The increase in the yield of ethanol and biogas for OA and CA is attributed to the changes in the hemicellulose and lignin structure. The change in the structural morphology was observed through FTIR characterization of untreated and treated water hyacinth. In addition, the effect of post-washing after pretreatment on fermentation efficiency was evaluated and the result suggested that CA residues had no negative effect on ethanol production. Pretreatment of water hyacinth using organic acids could benefit the biorefineries through the biofuel production and reduction of wastewater generated from this process.

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Funding

The authors are thankful to the King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok (Grant Contract No. KMUTNB-66-KNOW-03, KMUTNB-Post-65–05) and Srinakharinwirot University (Grant Contract No. 410/2565-SWU) for the financial support during this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biorefinery and Process Automation Engineering Center, Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, The Sirindhorn International Thai-German Graduate School of Engineering, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand

    Marttin Paulraj Gundupalli & Malinee Sriariyanun

  2. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand

    Prapakorn Tantayotai

  3. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand

    Santi Chuetor & Kraipat Cheenkachorn

  4. Oil and Gas Research Centre, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, 123, Oman

    Sanket Joshi

  5. Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Sangareddy, India

    Debraj Bhattacharyya

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  1. Marttin Paulraj Gundupalli
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Contributions

Marttin Paulraj Gundupalli: investigation, writing—original draft. Prapakorn Tantayotai: investigation, methodology. Santi Chuetor: investigation, writing—reviewing and editing. Kraipat Cheenkachorn: methodology, reviewing and editing. Sanket Joshi: reviewing and editing. Debraj Bhattacharyya: reviewing and editing. Malinee Sriariyanun: conceptualization, data curation, writing—reviewing and editing, funding acquisition, project administration.

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Correspondence to Malinee Sriariyanun.

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Gundupalli, M.P., Tantayotai, P., Chuetor, S. et al. Improvement of Water Hyacinth Bioconversion by Different Organic and Mineral Acid Pretreatment and the Effect of Post-pretreatment Washing. Bioenerg. Res. 16, 1718–1732 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12155-022-10528-9

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