Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop, implement, and evaluate a premarital counselling programme based on a systemic approach (SPMC). The Couple Relationship Scale (CRS) was used as a data collection tools. We randomly selected 24 participants from Turkish university students who scored low on the CRS subscales and agreed to participate in the study. We provided the experimental group with eight sessions of SPMC. The control group did not receive any intervention at all. We used quantitative data to determine the change in participants’ couple relationships and qualitative data to determine their views about SPMC and their personal awareness. Analysis shows that SPMC had an effect on the experimental group in terms of the communication, romance-sexuality, conflict resolution, and acceptance of differences subscales scores. Follow-up indicated that the effect of the SPMC was still measurable 12 and 24 weeks after the completion of SPMC. The obtained results are discussed on a theoretical basis.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data availability statement
The datasets used and/or analysed during the current research are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
References
Amato, P. R., & Booth, A. (2001). The legacy of parents’ marital discord: Consequences for children’s marital quality. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81(4), 627–638. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.81.4.627
Amato, P. R., & Keith, B. (1991). Parental divorce and adult well-being: A meta-analysis. Journal of Marriage and Family, 53(1), 43–58. https://doi.org/10.2307/353132
Bagarozzi, D. A., Bagarozzi, J. I., Anderson, S. A., & Pollane, L. (1984). Pre-marital education and training sequence (PETS): A 3-year follow-up of anexperimental study. Journal of Counseling and Development, 63(2), 91–100. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6676.1984.tb02765.x
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in PsycholoGy, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
Brown, J. (1999). Bowen family systems theory and practice: Illustration and critique. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Family Therapy, 20(2), 94–103.
Bryant, C. M., & Conger, R. D. (2002). The intergenerational model of romantic relationship development. In A. L. Vangelisti, H. T. Reis, & M. A. Fitzpatrick (Eds.), Stability and change in relationships (pp. 57–82). Cambridge University Press.
Carroll, J. S., & Doherty, W. J. (2003). Evaluating the effectiveness of premarital prevention programs: A meta-analytic review of outcome research. Family Relations, 52(2), 105–118. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3729.2003.00105.x
Çelik, D. B. (2018). The effect of investment model based premarital maintenance skills psycho-educational group on relationship commitment. (Unpublished Doctoral Thesis). Çukurova University.
Cui, M., Fincham, F. D., & Pasley, B. K. (2008). Young adult romantic relationships: The role of parents’ marital problems and relationship efficacy. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 34(9), 1226–1235. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167208319693
Cui, M., Wickrama, K. A. S., Lorenz, F. O., & Conger, R. D. (2012). Romantic relationships in emerging adulthood. In F. D. Fincham & M. Cui (Eds.), Linking Parental Divorce and Marital Discord to the Timing of Emerging Adults’ Marriage and Cohabitation (pp. 123–141). Cambridge University Press.
Deveci-Şirin, H., & Bayrakcı, E. (2020). Romantik ilişki geliştirme programının (RİGP) romantic ilişki doyumu ve romantik inanç düzeyine etkisinin incelenmesi [The effect of romantic relationship enrichment program (RREP) on romantic relationship satisfaction and romantic belief levels]. Mersin Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(1), 145–164.
Duran, Ş., & Hamamcı, Z. (2010). Evlilik öncesi ilişki geliştirme programının romantik ilişkiler yaşayan üniversite öğrencilerinin iletişim becerileri ve çatışma iletişim tarzları üzerine etkisinin incelenmesi. Sosyal Politika Çalışmaları Dergisi, 23(23), 87–100. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/spcd/issue/21111/227374
Elkjaer, H., Kristensen, E., Mortensen, E. L., Poulsen, S., & Lau, M. (2014). Analytic versus systemic group therapy for women with a history of child sexual abuse: 1-Year follow-up of a randomized controlled trial. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 87, 191–208. https://doi.org/10.1111/papt.12011
Erkan, S., Özbay, Y., Cihangir-Çankaya, Z., & Terzi, Ş. (2012). University students’ problem areas and psychological help-seeking willingness. Education and Science, 37(164), 94–107.
Fawcett, E. B., Hawkins, A. J., Blanchard, V. L., & Carroll, J. S. (2010). Do premarital education programs really work? A Meta-Analytic Study. Family Relations, 59(3), 232–239. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3729.2010.00598.x
Fincham, F. D., & Cui, M. (2010). Emerging adulthood and romantic relationships: An introduction. In F. D. Finchamand M. Cui (Eds.). Romantic relationships in emerging adulthood (pp. 3–12). Cambridge University Press.
Fincham, F. D., Stanley, S. M., & Rhoades, G. K. (2012). Relationship education in emerging adulthood: Problems and prospects. In F. D. Fincham & M. Cui (Eds.), Romantic relationships in emerging adulthood (pp. 293–316). Cambridge University Press.
Franke, U. (2017). The river never looks back. Historical and practical foundations of bert Hellinger’s family constellations. Carl-Auer-Systeme Verlag.
Fryszer, A., & Schwing, R. (2014). Handbook of systemic psychotherapy. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
Gilmour, S. C. (1995). Family systems training for engaged couples. Temple University.
Gizir, C. A. (2005). Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi son sınıf öğrencilerinin problemleri üzerine bir çalışma. Mersin Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 1(2), 196–213.
Goldenberg, I., & Goldrberg, H. (1991). Family therapy an overview. Brooks/Cole Publishing Company Pacific Grove.
Halford, W. K., Moore, E., Wilson, K. L., Farrugia, C., & Dyer, C. (2004). Benefits of flexible delivery relationship education: An evaluation of the couple CARE program. Family Relations, 53(5), 469–476. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0197-6664.2004.00055.x
Haskan-Avcı, Ö. (2014). Development of dyadic relationship scale. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 56, 1–24. https://doi.org/10.14689/ejer.2014.56.6
Hellinger, B., Weber, G., & Beaumont, H. (1998). Love’s hidden symmetry: What makes love work in relationships. Zeig Tucker & Theisen Publishers.
Kağıtçıbaşı, Ç. (2000). Kültürel psikoloji ve kültür bağlamında insan ve aile. Evrim Yayınları.
Kalkan, M., & Ersanlı, E. (2008). The effects of the marriage enrichment program based on the cognitive- behavioral approach on the marital adjustment of couples. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 8(3), 963–986.
Kalkan, M., & Yalçın, İ. (2012). Evlilik öncesi dönem ve romantik ilişkiler. [Premarital period and romantic relationships]. In M. Kalkan & Z. Hamamcı (Eds.), Evlilik Öncesi Psikolojik Danışma [Premarital counseling], (pp. 1–7). Anı Yayıncılık.
Kessler, R. C., Berglund, P., Demler, O., Jin, R., Merikangas, K. R., & Walters, E. E. (2005). Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Archives of General Psychiatry, 62, 593–602. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.62.6.593
Kıray-Vural, B., & Bayık-Temel, A. (2009). Effectiveness of premarital sexual satisfaction of recently married couples. Sexual Health, 6, 222–232. https://doi.org/10.1071/SH08065
Maner, J. K., Miller, S. L., & Leo, J. (2012). Adaptive relationship cognition: The sights and smells of sexual attraction. In O. Gillath, G. Adams, & A. Kunkel (Eds.), Decade of Behavior 2000–2010. Relationship Science: Integrating Evolutionary, Neuroscience, and Sociocultural Approaches (pp. 153–168). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/13489-008
McGoldrick, M., Gerson, R., & Petry, S. (2020). Genograms: Assessment and intervention. (Translation from 3rd. Ed., Trans. Eds. T. Akbaş & S. Kılıçarslan), Pegem Akademi.
Murray, C. E., & Murray, T. L. (2004). Solution-focused premarital counseling: Helping couples build a vision for their marriage. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 30(3), 349–358. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-0606.2004.tb01245.x
Olson, D. H., Fournier, D. G., & Druckman, J. M. (1989). Prepare, prepare-mc, enrich inventories. Prepare/Enrich Inc.
Olson, D. H., DeFrain, J. D., & Olson, A. K. (1999). Building relationships: Developing skills for life. Life Innovations.
Orbach, I. (2007). From abandonment to symbiosis: A developmental reversal in suicidal adolescents. Psychoanalytic Psychology, 24(1), 150–166. https://doi.org/10.1037/0736-9735.24.1.150
Parish, W. E. (1992). A quasi-experimental evaluation of the Premarital Assessment Program for premarital counseling. Australian and New Zealand Journalof Family Therapy, 13, 33–36. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1467-8438.1992.tb00886.x
Sanberk, İ., & Akbaş, T. (2020). Systemic therapy. In Z. Karataş & Y. Yavuzer (Eds.).Counseling and psychotherapy theories (pp. 415-458). Pegem Akademi
Saraç, A., Hamamcı, Z., & Güçray, S. (2015). Predicting romantic relationship satisfaction of university students. Turkish Psychological Counseling and Guidance Journal, 5(43), 69–81.
Sauerheber, J. D., & Bitter, J. R. (2013). An Adlerian approach in premarital counseling with religious couples. The Journal of Individual Psychology, 69(4), 305–327.
Schlippe, A. V., & Schweitzer, J. (2016). Sistemik müdahaleler (T. Akbaş, B. Bozoğlan, E. Yıldızeli, Trans). Pegem Akademi.
Schumm, W. R., Silliman, B., & Bell, D. B. (2000). Perceived premarital counseling outcomes among recently married army personnel. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 26(2), 177–186. https://doi.org/10.1080/009262300278579
Sedgwick, P. (2012). The Hawthorne effect. British Medical Journal, 344(2), 1–2. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.d8262
Serafini, G., Parisi, V. M., Aguglia, A., Amerio, A., Sampogna, G., Fiorillo, A., ... & Amore, M. (2020). A specific inflammatory profile underlying suicide risk? Systematic review of the main literature findings. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(7), 2393. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072393
Sergin, C., & Flora, J. (2005). Family communication. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Silliman, B., & Schumm, W. R. (2000). Marriage preparation programs: A literature review. The Family Journal: Counseling and Therapy for Couples and Families, 8(2), 133–142. https://doi.org/10.1177/1066480700082004
Stahmann, R. F. (2000). Premarital counselling: A focus for family therapy. Journal of Family Therapy, 22, 104–116. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-6427.00140
Stover, C. L. (2008). Adolescents attitudes towards counseling by demographic group: Before and after a youth relationship education curriculum (Unpublished master thesis). Graduate Faculty of Auburn University, Alabama.
Sürerbiçer, F. S. (2008). The requirement for marital training in accordance with experiences of divorced individuals (Unpublished master thesis). Institute of Education Sciences, Ankara University.
Topkaya, N., & Meydan, B. (2013). Üniversite öğrencilerinin problem yaşadıkları alanlar, yardım kaynakları ve psikolojik yardım alma niyetleri. Trakya Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 3(1), 25–37. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/trkefd/issue/21475/230178
Torkestani, N. A., Nejad, P. R., Abed, M., Eshrati, B., Majd, M. M., & Nekoobahr, A. (2017). Effect of premarital counseling with acceptance and commitment therapy-based approach on sexual satisfaction. Journal of Urmia Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, 15(4), 244–251.
Valiente, C. E., Belanger, C. J., & Estrada, A. U. (2002). Helpful and harmful expectations of premarital interventions. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 28(1), 71–77. https://doi.org/10.1080/009262302317251034
Wickrama, K. A. S., Lorenz, F. O., Conger, R. D., & Elder, G. H. (1997). Marital quality and physical illness: A latent growth curve analysis. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 59, 143–155. https://doi.org/10.2307/353668
Williams, L. (2007). Premarital counseling. Journal of Couple & Relationship Therapy, 6(1–2), 207–217. https://doi.org/10.1300/J398v06n01_17
Yalçın, İ, & Ersever, O. G. (2015). Effectiveness of the relationship enhancement program on relationship satisfaction of university students. H. U. Journal of Education, 30(2), 185–201.
Yılmaz, T., & Kalkan, M. (2010). The effects of a premarital relationship enrichment program on relationship satisfaction. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 10(3), 1911–1920.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Ethical approval statement
The study was performed under the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved and registered by the Ethics Committee of Niğde Omer Halisdemir University.
Informed consent
Participants were informed about what would happen with their data, and their right to withdraw from the study at any point. All data collected were stored in accordance with the Data Protection Act. Informed consent was obtained during the participants’ intake assessment session before SPMC commenced.
Conflict of interest
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.
Additional information
Publisher's note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Yavuzer, Y., Doğanülkü, H.A. Development of a systemic premarital counselling programme and evaluating its impact on young adults' couple relationships: A pilot study. Curr Psychol 43, 5179–5192 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-023-04715-w
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-023-04715-w