Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Modeling of variables related to parents’ awareness in Cyberbullying Prevention

  • Published:
Current Psychology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Cyberbullying awareness of parents is significant to reduce exposure to cyberbullying. However, it is noteworthy that there are limited studies on the factors affecting parents’ knowledge and competencies about cyberbullying and the change of these factors according to the education level of the child. This study aims to determine the relationships among cyberbullying knowledge and competence levels of parents with children studying in K-12 and mediation in children’s Internet use, family harmony and technology usage experience and examine how it differs according to the child’s education level. This study was done with a representative sample consisting of 662. It was found that the competencies of the parents in preventing cyberbullying were related to positive harmonious relationships within the family, technology use experience and parental mediation. The results indicate that positive parental involvement can be predicted from higher scores in parental knowledge in cyberbullying, perception of parental competence, risk adjustment, and attribution of parental responsibility. In addition, instead of parents’ restrictive mediation styles in their children’s use of technology, the co-use, active mediation, and supervision styles can help reduce the likelihood of children being exposed to risks such as cyberbullying and victimization. In the multi-group analyzes made, it is seen that the research model works at the primary school level with the highest explanation rate. Moreover, it was concluded that different mediation types were effective for primary, secondary, and high school levels.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

Data Availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.

References

  • Ahern, N. R., Kemppainen, J., & Thacker, P. (2016). Awareness and knowledge of child and adolescent risky behaviors: A parent’s perspective. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing, 29, 6–14. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcap.12129

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Álvarez-García, D., Núñez, J. C., González-Castro, P., Rodríguez, C., & Cerezo, R. (2019). The effect of parental control on cyber-victimization in adolescence: the mediating role of impulsivity and high-risk behaviors. Frontiers in psychology, 10, 1159.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Allison, K. R., & Bussey, K. (2017). Individual and collective moral influences on intervention in cyberbullying. Computers in Human Behavior, 74, 7–15.

  • Atman-Uslu, N., & Yildiz-Durak, H. (2022). Parental awareness and supervision to prevent cyberbullying: Scale adaptation and a review in terms of demographic variables. Children and Youth Services Review, 133, 106329.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bai, Q., Huang, S., Hsueh, F. H., & Zhang, T. (2021). Cyberbullying victimization and suicide ideation: a crumbled belief in a just world. Computers in human behavior, 120, 106679.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bair, A. (2017 January, n.d.). Right Under Your Nose. USA TODAY. http://usatodaymag.com/index.php?id=sf&fid=3&sid=5&mt=Life%20In%20America

  • Baldry, A. C., Farrington, D. P., & Sorrentino, A. (2015). “Am I at risk of cyberbullying”? A narrative review and conceptual framework for research on risk of cyberbullying and cybervictimization: The risk and needs assessment approach. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 23, 36–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2015.05.014

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

  • Barkoukis, V., Lazuras, L., Ourda, D., & Tsorbatzoudis, H. (2016). Tackling psychosocial risk factors for adolescent cyberbullying: Evidence from a school-based intervention. Aggressive Behavior, 42(2), 114–122.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bayraktar, F., Machackova, H., Dedkova, L., Cerna, A., & Sevcikova, A. (2015). Cyberbullying: The discriminant factors among cyberbullies, cybervictims, and cyberbully- victims in a Czech adolescent sample. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 30(18), 3192–3216.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bevilacqua, L., Shackleton, N., Hale, D., Allen, E., Bond, L., Christie, D., & Viner, R. M. (2017). The role of family and school-level factors in bullying and cyberbullying: A cross-sectional study. BMC Pediatrics, 17(1), 160. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-017-0907-8

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Bottino SM, Bottino CM, Regina CG, Correia AV, Ribeiro WS. Cyberbullying and adolescent mental health: systematic review. Cad Saude Publica. 2015 Mar;31(3):463–75. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311x00036114. PMID: 25859714.

  • Bradshaw, C. P. (2014). The role of families in preventing and buffering the effects of bullying. JAMA Pediatrics, 168(11), 991–993.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brighi, A., Guarini, A., Melotti, G., Galli, S., & Genta, M. L. (2012). Predictors of victimisation across direct bullying, indirect bullying and cyberbullying. Emotional and Behavior Difficulties, 17(3–4), 375–388.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Caivano, O., Leduc, K., & Talwar, V. (2020). When you think you know: The effectiveness of restrictive mediation on parental awareness of cyberbullying experiences among children and adolescents. Cyberpsychology, Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace, 14(1), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.5817/CP2020-1-2

  • Cassidy, W., Faucher, C., & Jackson, M. (2018). What parents can do to prevent cyberbullying: Students’ and educators’ perspectives. Social Sciences, 7(251), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci7120251

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cerezo, F., Sánchez, C., Ruiz, C., & Arense, J. J. (2015). Roles en bullying de adolescentes y pre adolescentes, y su relación con el clima social y los estilos educativos parentales. Psicodidáctica, 20, 2254–4372.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chan, H. C., & Wong, D. S. (2020). The overlap between cyberbullying perpetration and victimisation: exploring the psychosocial characteristics of Hong Kong adolescents. Asia Pacific Journal of Social Work and Development, 30(3), 164–180.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chang, F., Chiu, C., Chen, P., Miao, N., Lee, C., Chiang, J., & Pan, Y. (2015b). Relationship between parental and adolescent ehealth literacy and online health information seeking in Taiwan. Cyberpsychology Behavior and Social Networking, 18(10), 618–624. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2015.0110

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chang, F., Chiub, C. H., Miaoc, N. F., Chend, P. H., Leea, C. M., Chiange, J. T., & Pana, Y. C. (2015a). The relationship between parental mediation and Internet addiction among adolescents, and the association with cyberbullying and depression. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 57, 21–28.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chen, L., Ho, S. S., & Lwin, M. O. (2016). A meta-analysis of factors predicting cyberbullying perpetration and victimization: From the social cognitive and media effects approach. New Media & Society, 19, 1194–1213. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444816634037

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chu, X. W., Fan, C. Y., Liu, Q. Q., & Zhou, Z. K. (2018). Cyberbullying victimization and symptoms of depression and anxiety among Chinese adolescents: examining hopelessness as a mediator and self-compassion as a moderator. Computers in Human Behavior, 86, 377–386.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Clarke, J. N. (2017). A study of the portrayal of bullying in magazines for parents: It is everywhere and it is growing. Children & Society, 31, 441–451. https://doi.org/10.1111/chso.12213

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Clark, M., & Bussey, K. (2020). The role of self-efficacy in defending cyberbullying victims. Computers in Human Behavior, 109, 106340.

  • Dijkstra, T. K., & Henseler, J. (2015). Consistent partial least squares path modeling. MIS Quarterly, 39(2), 297–316. https://doi.org/10.25300/MISQ/2015/39.2.02

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Duman Kula, M., Ekşi, H., & Demirci, İ. (2018). Aile Uyum Ölçeği’nin Türkçe Formunun Psikometrik Özellikleri. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 19(1), 97–106. https://doi.org/10.17494/ogusbd.457082

  • Durak, A., & Kaygin, H. (2020). Parental mediation of young children’s internet use: Adaptation of parental mediation scale and review of parental mediation based on the demographic variables and digital data security awareness. Education and Information Technologies, 1–22.

  • Elsaesser, C., Russell, B., Ohannessian, C., & Patton, D. (2017). Parenting in a digital age: A review of parents’ role in preventing adolescent cyberbullying. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 35, 62–72.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eroglu, Y., Aktepe, E., Akbaba, S., Isık, A., & Ozkorumak, E. (2015). The investigation of prevalence and risk factors associated with cyber bullying and victimization. Education and Science, 40(177), 93–107. https://doi.org/10.15390/EB.2015.3698

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fahy, A. E., Stansfeld, S. A., Smuk, M., Smith, N. R., Cummins, S., & Clark, C. (2016). Longitudinal associations between cyberbullying involvement and adolescent mental health. Journal of Adolescent Health, 59(5), 502–509.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fornell, C., & Larcker, F. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39–50.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gallego-Arrufat, M. J. G. A., Torres-Hernández, N. T. H., Pessoa, T. P., Gallego-Arrufat, M. J., Torres-Hernández, N., & Pessoa, T. (2019). Competence of future teachers in the digital security area. Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal, 27(2).

  • Gómez-Ortiz, O., Apolinario, C., Romera, E. M., & Ortega-Ruiz, R. (2019). The role of family in bullying and cyberbullying involvement: Examining a new typology of parental education management based on adolescents’ view of their parents. Social Sciences, 8(1), 25. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci8010025

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goodyear, V. A., Armour, K. M., & Wood, H. (2018). Young people and their engagement with health-related social media: New perspectives. Sport Education and Society, 24(7), 673–688.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Guo, S. (2016). A meta-analysis of the predictors of cyberbullying perpetration and victimization. Psychology in the Schools, 53, 432–453. https://doi.org/10.1002/pits

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hair, J. F., Black, C. W., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2014). Multivariate data analysis (Pearson New International Edition ed.). Harlow: Pearson.

  • Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) (2nd ed.). Sage.

  • Hemphill, S. A., & Heerde, J. A. (2014). Adolescent predictors of young adult cyberbullying perpetration and victimization among Australian youth. Journal of Adolescent Health, 55(4), 580–587. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2014.04.014

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115–135.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Holt, M. K., Vivolo-Kantor, A. M., Polanin, J. R., Holland, K. M., DeGue, S., Matjasko, J. L., & Reid, G. (2015). Bullying and suicidal ideation and behaviors: A meta-analysis. Pediatrics, 135, 496–509. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2014-1864

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hood, M., & Duffy, A. L. (2018). Understanding the relationship between cyber-victimisation and cyber-bullying on social networks site: The role of moderating factors. Personality and Individual Differences, 133, 103–108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2017.04.004

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Katz, I., Lemish, D., Cohen, R., & Arden, A. (2019). When parents are inconsistent: Parenting style and adolescents’ involvement in cyberbullying. Journal of Adolescence, 74, 1–12.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kavikondala, S., Stewart, S. M., Ni, M. Y., Chan, B. H., Lee, P. H., Li, K. K., McDowell, I., Johnston, I., Chan, J. M., Lam, S. S., Lam, T. H., W., Fielding, W. T., R., & Lam, W. W. (2016). Structure and validity of Family Harmony Scale: An instrument for measuring harmony. Psychological Assessment, 28(3), 307–318. https://doi.org/10.1037/pas0000131

  • Kestel, M. & Akbıyık, C. (2016). Siber zorbalığın öğrencilerin akademik, sosyal ve duygusal durumları üzerindeki etkisinin incelenmesi . Mersin Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 12 (3) , 844–859. https://doi.org/10.17860/mersinefd.282384

  • Khurana, A., Bleakley, A., Jordan, A. B., & Romer, D. (2015). The protective effects of parental monitoring and internet restriction on adolescents’ risk of online harassment. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 44(5), 1039–1047.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, S. H., & Telleen, M. W. (2017). Talking about school bullying: News framing of who ıs responsible for causing and fixing the problem. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 94, 725–746.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kowalski, R. M., Giumetti, G. W., Schroeder, A. N., & Lattanner, M. R. (2014). Bullying in the digital age. Psychological Bulletin, 140, 1073–1137. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0035618

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kowalski, R. M., Limber, S. P., & McCord, A. (2019). A developmental approach to cyberbullying: Prevalence and protective factors. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 45, 20–32.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kubiszewski, V., Fontaine, R., Potard, C., & Auzoult, L. (2015). Does cyberbullying overlap with school bullying when taking modality of involvement into account? Computers in Human Behavior, 43, 49–57.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Landoll, R. R., La Greca, A. M., Lai, B. S., Chan, S. F., & Herge, W. M. (2015). Cyber victimization by peers: prospective associations with adolescent social anxiety and depressive symptoms. Journal of Adolescence, 42, 77–86.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Legate, N., Weinstein, N., & Przybylski, A. K. (2019). Parenting strategies and adolescents’ cyberbullying behaviors: Evidence from a preregistered study of parent–child dyads. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 48, 399–409. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-018-0962-y

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lereya, S. T., Samara, M., & Wolke, D. (2013). Parenting behavior and the risk of becoming a victim and a bully/victim: A meta-analysis study. Child Abuse & Neglect, 37(12), 1091–1108.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li, Q. (2009). Cyberbullying in schools: An examination of preservice teachers’ perception. Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology/La revue canadienne de l’apprentissage et de la technologie, 34(2).

  • Livingstone, S., Blum-Ross, A., Pavlick, J., & Olafsson, K. (2018). In the digital home, how do parents support their children and who supports them? Parenting for a Digital Future. Technical Report. http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/87952/1/Livingstone_Parenting%20Digital%20Survey%20Report%201_Published.pdf

  • Livingstone, S., & Smith, P. K. (2014). Annual Research Review: Harms experienced by child users of online and mobile technologies: The nature, prevalence, and management of sexual and aggressive risks in the digital age. Journal of Child Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 55(6), 635–654.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martin-Criado, J. M., Casas, J. A., & Ortega-Ruiz, R. (2021). Parental supervision: Predictive variables of positive involvement in cyberbullying prevention. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(1562), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041562

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mehari, K. R., Moore, W., Waasdorp, T. E., Varney, O., Berg, K., & Leff, S. S. (2018). Cyberbullying prevention: Insight and recommendations from youths, parents, and paediatricians. Child: Care Health and Development, 44(4), 616–622.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Midamba, N., & Moreno, M. (2019). Differences in parent and adolescent views on cyberbullying in the US. Journal of Children and Media, 13(1), 106–115. https://doi.org/10.1080/17482798.2018.1544159

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Milosevic, T. (2015). Cyberbullying in US mainstream media. Journal of Children and Media, 9, 492–509.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Monks, C. P., Mahdavi, J., & Rix, K. (2016). The emergence of cyberbullying in childhood: Parent and teacher perspectives. Psicología Educativa, 22, 39–48.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Navarro, R., Serna, C., Martínez, V., & Ruiz-Oliva, R. (2013). The role of internet use and parental mediation on cyberbullying victimization among Spanish children from rural public schools. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 28(3), 725–745.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nikken, P. (2019). Parents’ instrumental use of media in child rearing: Relationships with confidence in parenting, and health and conduct problems in children. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 28, 531–546.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nikken, P., & Jansz, J. (2014). Developing scales to measure parental mediation of young children’s internet use. Learning Media and Technology, 39(2), 250–266.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nikken, P., & Schols, M. (2015). How and why parents guide the media use of young children. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 24(11), 3423–3435.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Nocentini, A., Fiorentini, G., Di Paola, L., & Menesini, E. (2019). Parents, family characteristics and bullying behavior: A systematic review. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 45, 41–50.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ortega-Barton, J., Buelga, S., & Cava, M. (2016). The influence of school and family environment on adolescent victims of cyberbullying. Comunicar, 24(46), 57–65.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ouytsel, J. V., Walrave, M., & Vandebosch, H. (2015). Correlates of cyberbullying and how school nurses can respond. NASN School Nurse, 163–167. https://doi.org/10.1177/1942602X13519477

  • Palladino, B. E., Nocentini, A., & Menesini, E. (2015). Psychometric properties of the Florence CyberBullying-CyberVictimization Scales. Cyberpsychology Behavior and Social Networking, 18(2), 112–119. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2014.0366

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Patchin, J. W., & Hinduja, S. (2017). Digital self-harm among adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Health, 61(6), 761–766.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peker, A., Özhan, M. B., & Eroğlu, Y. (2015). Ergenlere Yönelik Siber Zorbalıkla Başa Çıkma Ölçeği'nin geliştirilmesi. International Journal of Human Sciences, 12(1), 569–581. https://doi.org/10.14687/ijhs.v12i1.3156

  • Przybylski, A. K., & Bowes, L. (2017). Cyberbullying and adolescent well-being in England: A population-based cross-sectional study. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, 1(1), 19–26.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ringle, C. M., Wende, S., & Becker, J. M. (2015). SmartPLS 3. Boenningstedt: SmartPLS GmbH. http://www.smartpls.com

    Google Scholar 

  • Safaria, T. (2015). Are daily spiritual experiences, self-esteem, and family harmony predictors of cyberbullying among high school student. International Journal of Research Studies in Psychology, 4(3), 23–33.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Safaria, T., Tentema, F., & Suyono, H. (2016). Cyberbully, cyber victim, and forgiveness among indonesian high school students. The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology, 15(3), 40–48.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sandhu, D., & Kaur, S. (2016). Reducing cyber-bullying and problem behaviors among students through parental group therapy. Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research, 31(2), 383–401.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sasson, H., & Mesch, G. (2017). The role of parental mediation and peer norms on the likelihood of cyberbullying. The Journal of genetic psychology, 178(1), 15–27.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sasson, H., & Mesch, G. S. (2019). Parental mediation. In R. Hobbs & P.Mihailidis (Eds.), The international encyclopedia of media literacy, 2, 1185–1190. WILEY Blackwell.

  • Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., & Hair, J. F. (2017). Partial least squares structural equation modeling. In C. H, M. K, & A. V (Eds.), Handbook of market research.

  • Sümengen, A. A. & Akyüz, A. (2020). Lise öğrencilerinin siber zorbalığa maruz kalma durumlarını etkileyen faktörler. Koç Üniversitesi Hemşirelikte Eğitim ve Araştırma Dergisi, 17(3), 214–221.

  • Slonje, R., Smith, P., & Frisén, A. (2013). The nature of cyber-bullying, and strategies for prevention. Computers in Human Behavior, 29, 26–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2012.05.024

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Solecki, S., & Fay-Hiller, T. (2015). The toll of too much technology on teens’ mental health. The Journal Of Pediatric Nursing, 30, 933–936. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2015.08.001

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Taiariol, J. (2010). Cyberbullying: The role of family and school [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Wayne State University.

  • Uçar, H. N., Çetin, F. H., Ersoy, S. A., Güler, H. A., Kılınç, K., & Türkoğlu, S. (2020). Risky cyber behaviors in adolescents with depression: A case control study. Journal of Affective Disorders, 270, 51–58.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ulaşdemir, D., & Küçük, S. (2018). Cyber Bullying Experiences of Adolescents and Parental Awareness: Turkish Example. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 44, 84–90.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (2017). UNICEF, The state of the world’s children: Children in a digital world 2017. 978-92-806-4930-7. https://www.unicef.org/publications/files/SOWC_2017_ENG_WEB.pdf (15.02.2018)

  • Waasdorp, T. E., Mehari, K. R., & Bradshaw, C. P. (2017). Research on family experiences with cyberbullying. In S. W. Browning, & B. Van Eeden-Moorefield (Eds.), Contemporary families at the nexus of research and practice (pp. 240–255). Taylor & Francis.

  • Wade, A., & Beran, T. (2011). Cyberbullying: The new era of bullying. Canadian Journal of School Psychology, 26, 44–61. https://doi.org/10.1177/0829573510396318

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wolke, D., Lee, K., & Guy, A. (2017). Cyberbullying: a storm in a teacup? European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 26(8), 899–908. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-017-0954-6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wright, M. F. (2015). Cyber victimization and perceived stress: linkages to late adolescents’ cyber aggression and psychological functioning. Youth & Society, 47(6), 789–810.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yildiz Durak, H. (2019). Investigation of nomophobia and smartphone addiction predictors among adolescents in Turkey: Demographic variables and academic performance. The Social Science Journal, 56(4), 492–517.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yildiz Durak, H. (2020). Modeling of variables related to problematic internet usage and problematic social media usage in adolescents. Current Psychology, 39(4), 1375–1387.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yildiz Durak, H., & Saritepeci, M. (2019). Modeling the effect of new media literacy levels and social media usage status on problematic internet usage behaviours among high school students. Education and information technologies, 24(4), 2205–2223.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yildiz Durak, H., & Saritepeci, M. (2020). Examination of the relationship between cyberbullying and cyber victimization. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 29(10), 2905–2915.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yildiz Durak, H. (2018). What would you do without your smartphone? Adolescents’ social media usage, locus of control, and loneliness as a predictor of nomophobia. Addicta: The Turkish Journal on Addictions, 5, 543–557.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yildiz Durak, H., Kidiman Demirhan, E., & Çitil, M. (2022). Examining the risk factors as the predictors of gifted and non-gifted high school students’ online game addiction: Personal variables, Academic variables, Contingencies of self-worth, Academic self-efficacy, and Metacognitive awareness levels. Computers and Education, 177, 104378.

  • Yildiz Durak, H. & Avci, U. (2022). Modeling the factors related to sensibility in cyberbullying of university students. Current Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-022-03832-2

  • Young, R., & Tully, M. (2019). ‘Nobody wants the parents involved’: Social norms in parent and adolescent responses to cyberbullying. Journal of Youth Studies, 22(6), 856–872. https://doi.org/10.1080/13676261.2018.1546838

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Young, R., Tully, M., & Ramirez, M. (2017). School administrator perceptions of cyberbullying facilitators and barriers to preventive action: A qualitative study. Health Education & Behavior, 44, 476–484.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yuchang, J., Junyi, L., Junxiu, A., Jing, W., & Mingcheng, H. (2017). The differential victimization associated with depression and anxiety in cross-cultural perspective: A meta-analysis. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 20(4), 560–573.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

All authors contributed to and have approved the final manuscript. In this article, we declare that all authors contributed equally.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Education, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey

    Rabia Vezne

  2. Faculty of Education, Department of Computer Education and Instructional Technology, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey

    Nilüfer Atman Uslu

  3. Eregli Faculty of Education, Department of Educational Science, Instructional Technology, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey

    Hatice Yildiz Durak

Authors
  1. Rabia Vezne
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Nilüfer Atman Uslu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Hatice Yildiz Durak
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hatice Yildiz Durak.

Ethics declarations

Declarations

All procedures performed in this study involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

Funding

This study was not funded by any funding agencies or academic organizations.

Informed consent

In addition, informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in this study.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. 

Additional information

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Vezne, R., Atman Uslu, N. & Yildiz Durak, H. Modeling of variables related to parents’ awareness in Cyberbullying Prevention. Curr Psychol 42, 28579–28596 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-022-03837-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-022-03837-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation