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Associations between Potential Bacterial Pathogens in the Nasopharynx of HIV Infected Children

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Abstract

Objective

To investigate bacterial associations of S. pneumoniae, S. aureus, and H. influenzae in the nasopharynx of ambulatory children with HIV infection.

Methods

A cross-sectional nasopharyngeal swab survey of 148 children with HIV infection from West Bengal presenting for routine outpatient care was conducted.

Results

Forty-one (28 %) children carried S. pneumoniae, 35 (24 %) carried S. aureus and 39 (26 %) carried H. influenzae. Seventeen (11 %) had dual colonization with S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae, 13(8.8 %) had dual colonization with S. pneumoniae and S. aureus, and 6(4 %) had dual colonization with S. aureus and H. influenzae. Three (2 %) had triple carriage with H. influenzae, S. aureus, and S. pneumoniae. Neither Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis nor ART (antiretroviral therapy) affected colonization with any organism. There was no association between HIV immune status, recent antibiotic use, exposure to other children, household tuberculosis exposure and colonization with any organism. There was a strong negative association between malnutrition and colonization with H. influenzae.

Conclusions

The negative association between S. pneumoniae and S. aureus colonization in the nasopharynx described in healthy populations was not present. The authors found a strong positive association between carriage with H. influenzae and S. pneumoniae. These findings provide insight into the increased risk of invasive disease from these organisms in HIV infected children.

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Conflict of Interest

None.

Role of Funding Source

This project was funded by an Institutional grant from IIT-Kharagpur.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India

    Sangeeta Das Bhattacharya, Bikas K. Arya & Nageshwar Chauhan

  2. Division of Bacteriology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Disease, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

    Swapan Kumar Niyogi & Sutapa Mandal

  3. Department of Pediatrics, Midnapore Medical College, Midnapur, West Bengal, India

    Subhasish Bhattacharyya

Authors
  1. Sangeeta Das Bhattacharya
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  2. Swapan Kumar Niyogi
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  3. Subhasish Bhattacharyya
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  4. Bikas K. Arya
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  5. Nageshwar Chauhan
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  6. Sutapa Mandal
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sangeeta Das Bhattacharya.

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Bhattacharya, S.D., Niyogi, S.K., Bhattacharyya, S. et al. Associations between Potential Bacterial Pathogens in the Nasopharynx of HIV Infected Children. Indian J Pediatr 79, 1447–1453 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-012-0762-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-012-0762-4

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