Abstract
Herein, we have explored the enantioselective Michael addition of various malonate esters to benzalacetophenone by successful utilization of chiral phase transfer catalysts derived from proline, mandelic acid and tartaric acid under mild phase transfer conditions. The obtained results signify that these chiral phase transfer catalysts are efficacious towards enantioselective Michael addition as the use of it resulted in good enantioselectivity and appreciable chemical yields.
Graphic Abstract
SYNOPSIS Highly enantioselective Michael addition of dialkyl malonates to benzalacetophenone has been established under mild phase transfer conditions, by successful utilization of chiral phase transfer catalysts derived from proline, mandelic acid and tartaric acid (I–VI) with appreciable chemical yields.
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The reported specific optical rotation for diethyl (S)-2-(3-oxo-1,3-diphenylpropyl) malonate (3b) is \([{\upalpha }]_{{\rm D}}^{28}= +18.5^{\circ }\) for 99% ee (\(c\) 1.0 in \(\text{ CHCl }_{3})^{11}\). So, the known SOR \([{\upalpha }]_{\uplambda }\) for 100% ee would be, \([18.5 \div 99{\rm x}100] = 18.687^{\circ }\). Optical purity (% ee) has been calculated by using formula. 12b
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The reported specific optical rotation for di-tert-butyl (S)-2-(3-oxo-1,3-diphenylpropyl) malonate (3d) is \([\upalpha ]_{{\rm D}}^{20} 23.4^{\circ }\) for 98% ee (\(c \) 0.24 in \(\text{ CHCl }_{3}\))\(^{17}\). So, the known SOR \([{\upalpha }]_{\uplambda }\) for 100% ee would be, \([23.4 \div 98 {\rm x}100] = 23.877^{\circ }\). Optical purity (% ee) has been calculated by using formula. [12b]
The reported specific optical rotation for dibenzyl (S)-2-(3-oxo-1,3-diphenylpropyl)malonat (3e) is \(12.5^{\circ }\) for 99% ee, \([{\upalpha }]_{{\rm D}}^{27.9}\) (\(c\) 0.97 in \(\text{ CHCl }_{3}\))\(^{11}\). So, the known SOR \([{\upalpha }]_{\uplambda }\) for 100% ee would be, \([12.5 \div 99{\rm x}100] = 12.626^{\circ }\). Optical purity (% ee) has been calculated by using formula. [12b]
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The authors are thankful to the M/S Lupin Limited and the authorities of Manipal Academy of Higher Education for the research program. We also acknowledge the valuable guidance, support and suggestions from Dr. P. R. Upadhaya and Dr. Vijaya Desai.
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Mahajan, D.P., Godbole, H.M., Singh, G.P. et al. Enantioselective Michael addition of malonic esters to benzalacetophenone by using chiral phase transfer catalysts derived from proline-mandelic acid/tartaric acid. J Chem Sci 131, 67 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12039-019-1642-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12039-019-1642-5