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Detection of human papillomavirus infection in oral cancers reported at dental facility: assessing the utility of FFPE tissues

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Abstract

Incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated oral cancers is on the rise. However, epidemiological data of this subset of cancers are limited. Dental hospital poses a unique advantage in detection of HPV-positive oral malignancies. We assessed the utility of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues, which are readily available, for evaluation of high-risk HPV infection in oral cancer. For protocol standardization, we used 20 prospectively collected paired FFPE and fresh tissues of histopathologically confirmed oral cancer cases reported in Oral Medicine department of a dental hospital for comparative study. Only short PCRs (~ 200 bp) of DNA isolated using a modified xylene-free method displayed a concordant HPV result. For HPV analysis, we used additional 30 retrospectively collected FFPE tissues. DNA isolated from these specimens showed an overall 23.4% (11/47) HPV positivity with detection of HPV18. Comparison of HPV positivity from dental hospital FFPE specimens with overall HPV positivity of freshly collected oral cancer specimens (n = 55) from three cancer care hospitals of the same region showed notable difference (12.7%; 7/55). Further, cancer hospital specimens showed HPV16 positivity and displayed a characteristic difference in reported sub-sites and patient spectrum. Overall, using a xylene-free FFPE DNA isolation method clubbed with short amplicon PCR, we showed detection of HPV-positive oral cancer in dental hospitals.

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Availability of data and material

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Funding

The study was supported by research grants from Department of Biotechnology (DBT:6242-P34/RGCB/PMD/DBT/ALCB/2015) and Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR:HIV/50/139/20101-ECDII), Government of India, DST-SERB (EMR/2017/004018/BBM), Institution of Eminence University of Delhi (Ref. No./IoE/2021/12/FRP) to ACB, and UGC-Junior Research Fellowship to GV and KV [F.2-2/2009 (SA-I)], grant from ICMR to AT (81/3/2009/BMS/Stem Cell) and MJ (3/2/2/278/2014/NCDIII), UGC-Junior Research Fellowship to TS (2061430699 22/06/2014 (i) EU-V), grant from CSIR to NA (17/12/2017 (ii) EU-V), and grant from CCRH to ACB:SC (17-51/2016-17/CCRH/Tech/Coll./DU-Cervical Cancer.4850) are also thankfully acknowledged.

Author information

Author notes

  1. Abhishek Tyagi

    Present address: Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Molecular Oncology, ICMR- National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Gaurav Verma, Abhishek Tyagi, Kanchan Vishnoi, Shashi Sharma, Ravi Mehrotra & Alok Chandra Bharti

  2. Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110007, India

    Nikita Aggarwal, Suhail Chhakara, Mohit Jadli, Tejveer Singh & Alok Chandra Bharti

  3. School of Biotechnology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Gaurav Verma, Kanchan Vishnoi & Sukh Mahendra Singh

  4. Subharti Dental College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Ankit Goel

  5. Department of Oncosurgery, Dr. Bheem Rao Ambedkar Institute-Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

    Durgatosh Pandey

  6. Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, India

    Ankita Sharma & Kiran Agarwal

  7. Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre, New Delhi, India

    Urmi Sarkar & Dinesh Chandra Doval

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Contributions

GV participated in the study design and performed major experimental work and manuscript preparation; NA and SC helped in final preparation of manuscript, communication, and revision; AT assisted in experimental work and data analysis; KV, MJ, and TS helped in experimental work and manuscript preparation; AG, DP, AS, KA, US, and DCD participated in the enrollment of study subjects, their clinical evaluation, provided staging, histopathological grading, tumor diagnosis, and specimen collection; SS participated in the statistical evaluation of data; RM and SMS performed evaluation of clinical and experimental data and assisted in critical review of the manuscript; ACB conceived and designed the study, evaluated data, and critically reviewed, drafted, and communicated the final manuscript. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Alok Chandra Bharti.

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Verma, G., Aggarwal, N., Chhakara, S. et al. Detection of human papillomavirus infection in oral cancers reported at dental facility: assessing the utility of FFPE tissues. Med Oncol 39, 13 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12032-021-01608-5

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