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MicroRNAs and target molecules in bladder cancer

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Abstract

Bladder cancer (BC) is considered as one of the most common malignant tumors in humans with complex pathogenesis including gene expression variation, protein degradation, and changes in signaling pathways. Many studies on involved miRNAs in BC have demonstrated that they could be used as potential biomarkers in the prognosis, response to treatment, and screening before the cancerous phenotype onset. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate many cellular processes through their different effects on special targets along with modifying signaling pathways, apoptosis, cell growth, and differentiation. The diverse expression of miRNAs in cancerous tissues could mediate procedures leading to the oncogenic or suppressor behavior of certain genes in cancer cells. Since a specific miRNA may have multiple targets, an mRNA could also be regulated by multiple miRNAs which further demonstrates the actual role of miRNAs in cancer. In addition, miRNAs can be utilized as biomarkers in some cancers that cannot be screened in the early stages. Hence, finding blood, urine, or tissue miRNA biomarkers by novel or routine gene expression method could be an essential step in the prognosis and control of cancer. In the present review, we have thoroughly evaluated the recent findings on different miRNAs in BC which can provide comprehensive information on better understanding the role of diverse miRNAs and better decision making regarding the new approaches in the diagnosis, prognosis, prevention, and treatment of BC.

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Acknowledgments

The authors appreciate the cooperation of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. This article was conducted within the projects, which have received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 754432 and the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education, from financial resources for science in 2018-2023 granted for the implementation of an international co-financed project.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cellular, Molecular and Genetics Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

    Payam Kheirmand Parizi

  2. Genome Medical Genetics Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

    Payam Kheirmand Parizi

  3. School of Medicine, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran

    Fereshteh Yarahmadi

  4. School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Science, Semnan, Iran

    Hoseins Movahedi Tabar

  5. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran

    Zohreh Hosseini

  6. Department of Medical Genetic, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

    Abdolazim Sarli

  7. Agostino Gemelli University Hospital, Torvergata University of Medical Sciences, Rome, Italy

    Nadia Kia

  8. Department of Analysis and Bioanalysis of Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy With the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland

    Alireza Tafazoli

  9. Clinical Research Center, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland

    Alireza Tafazoli

  10. Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Seyed-Alireza Esmaeili

  11. Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Seyed-Alireza Esmaeili

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  1. Payam Kheirmand Parizi
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  2. Fereshteh Yarahmadi
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  3. Hoseins Movahedi Tabar
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  4. Zohreh Hosseini
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  5. Abdolazim Sarli
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  8. Seyed-Alireza Esmaeili
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Contributions

PKP, FY, HMT, ZH, and AS participated in data collection and manuscript writing. NK and AT participated as the grammatical editor. S-AE designed and drafted the article. All authors have fully read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Seyed-Alireza Esmaeili.

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Parizi, P.K., Yarahmadi, F., Tabar, H.M. et al. MicroRNAs and target molecules in bladder cancer. Med Oncol 37, 118 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12032-020-01435-0

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