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Circulating endothelial progenitor cell: a promising biomarker in clinical oncology

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Abstract

Human cancers are endowed with sustained vascularization capability, and their growth, invasion, and metastasis are vascularization dependent. Recently, accumulated body of evidence suggests that endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) can support vasculogenesis and induce angiogenesis through paracrine mechanisms. In addition, numerous clinical studies have revealed the increase in the number of EPCs in the peripheral blood of cancer patients and demonstrated the correlation of circulating EPCs (CEPCs) with the clinical outcomes. This review highlights current enrichment procedures and methods for the detection of CEPCs and different biomarkers to identify CEPCs as well as the functions of EPCs in tumor vascularization. Furthermore, we systematically review available studies on the clinical relevance of CEPCs in cancer patients to explore the potential diagnostic and prognostic values of CEPCs. Although several contrasting results exist, CEPCs can conceivably serve as a promising biomarker for the early diagnosis, prognosis prediction, and treatment response indication in the future. Additionally, further well-designed clinical studies with larger sample size and unique, specific enumeration procedures are warranted to achieve further insight into the clinical implications of CEPCs.

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Acknowledgments

We apologize that we could not cite many important original papers because of space limitations. This project was supported by Grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81070597 and 81370853), Science and Education Development Program of the Jiangsu Province Health Board (LJ201107), Six Talent Peaks of the Jiangsu Province Health Bureau (2011-WS-093), and Research and Innovation Program for Graduates of Jiangsu Province (CXZZ13_0583).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, China

    Yu-Zheng Ge, Ran Wu, Tian-Ze Lu, Hui Xin, Zheng Xu, Lu-Wei Xu, Jiang-Wei Shen, Liu-Hua Zhou, Wen-Cheng Li, Jia-Geng Zhu & Rui-Peng Jia

  2. Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang University, 128 Xiangshan North Road, Nanchang, 330008, China

    Peng Yu

  3. Department of Urology, Xuzhou Third People’s Hospital, Jiangsu University, 131 Huancheng Road, Xuzhou, 221005, China

    Yan Zhao

  4. Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China

    Hao Liu

  5. Department of Radiation Oncology, JiangSu Armed Police General Hospital, 8 Jiangdu South Road, Yangzhou, 225003, China

    Xiao Xu

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  1. Yu-Zheng Ge
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  2. Ran Wu
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Correspondence to Rui-Peng Jia.

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Yu-Zheng Ge and Ran Wu have contributed equally to this paper.

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Ge, YZ., Wu, R., Lu, TZ. et al. Circulating endothelial progenitor cell: a promising biomarker in clinical oncology. Med Oncol 32, 332 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12032-014-0332-x

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