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The Distribution of Elements in 48 Canine Compact Bone Types Using Handheld X-Ray Fluorescence

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Abstract

A major question when we talk about the elements in the bone is whether all bones contain the same elements. To answer this question, this study was designed for determination of the elemental levels in 48 various canine compact bones using handheld X-ray fluorescence technique. From a total of 26 elements that could be detected, only 13 elements were found in all 48 bones. The sternum and os penis were significantly different from the other bones in that they contained the highest number of elements. The ratio of Ca and P was significantly different when comparing certain bones: there was a higher Ca/P ratio in the patella (right), calcaneus (right and left), and sternum compared with a lower ratio in the radius (left), rib (left), phalanx (left forelimb), and carpus (left). These results are the first to demonstrate that different types of bones have different elemental profiles, even for major elements such as Ca and P. Moreover, the Ca/P ratio was also different between bone types. This data is important for the selection of bones appropriate to the element studied. In addition, the results proved that the elements were not equally distributed in every bone in the body.

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Acknowledgments

Research funding for the Excellence Center in Osteology Research and Training Center (ORTC) was provided by Chiang Mai University (CMU) through the Research Administration Office.

Authors’ Contributions

K.N. designed and conducted all the experiments. K.B. assisted in the experiments and in support of information for discussion. S.K. and P.P performed XRF on bone samples. K.N and K.B. assisted in discussions and writing of the manuscript. All authors have read and accepted the final manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Animal Bone and Joint Research Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50100, Thailand

    Korakot Nganvongpanit, Kittisak Buddhachat, Promporn Piboon & Sarisa Klinhom

  2. Excellence Center in Osteology Research and Training Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand

    Korakot Nganvongpanit

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  1. Korakot Nganvongpanit
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  2. Kittisak Buddhachat
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  3. Promporn Piboon
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  4. Sarisa Klinhom
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Correspondence to Korakot Nganvongpanit.

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No ethical approval was required for this study.

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The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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Nganvongpanit, K., Buddhachat, K., Piboon, P. et al. The Distribution of Elements in 48 Canine Compact Bone Types Using Handheld X-Ray Fluorescence. Biol Trace Elem Res 174, 93–104 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-016-0698-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-016-0698-z

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