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Antiwetting and low-surface-energy behavior of cardanol-based polybenzoxazine-coated cotton fabrics for oil–water separation

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Abstract

In the present work, the surface behavior of cotton fabrics coated with a series of bio-based polybenzoxazines is explored. Herein, we report the design and synthesis of bio-based benzoxazine monomers (C-x) using cardanol (C) and seven different amines (x = ba, ha, dda, oda, ddm, jef, and fa). The molecular structures of the benzoxazine monomers have been confirmed using FTIR and NMR analyses. The microstructure of the polybenzoxazine-coated cotton fabrics observed from FE-SEM reveals that formation of rough nanostructure is influenced by molecular structure of monomers. Further, surface analysis shows that poly(C-dda)-coated cotton fabric offers superior water contact angle (WCA = 155° ± 3) with low sliding angle (6°). Also, poly(C-dda)-coated cotton fabric delivers the lowest surface energy (14.1 mN/m) and high resistance against acidic and alkaline media. Subsequently, oil–water separation investigation shows that the poly(C-dda)-coated cotton fabric yields 99% of separation efficiency with flux value of 7200 L/m2h. Thus, the cardanol-based polybenzoxazine-coated cotton fabrics prepared in the present work can find application in the field of oil–water separation due to their superior water-repellent nature.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the DST-SERB (TAR/2019/000234), India, and the PSG Management for their financial and moral support. Also, the authors acknowledge the SIF, VIT-Vellore, for providing NMR facility and CLIF, University of Kerala, for providing XPS facility. In addition, the authors acknowledge Mr. M. Venkatesan, SIF, VIT, for his continuous support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Polymer Engineering Laboratory, PSG Institute of Technology and Applied Research, Coimbatore, 641 062, India

    P. Prabunathan, G. Dinesh Kumar, M. Manoj, A. Hariharan & M. Alagar

  2. Department of Green Energy Technology, Madanjeet School of Green Energy Technologies, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India

    P. Elumalai

  3. Department of Chemistry, PSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, 641 014, India

    G. Dinesh Kumar & G. Rathika

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  1. P. Prabunathan
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Prabunathan, P., Elumalai, P., Dinesh Kumar, G. et al. Antiwetting and low-surface-energy behavior of cardanol-based polybenzoxazine-coated cotton fabrics for oil–water separation. J Coat Technol Res 17, 1455–1469 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11998-020-00365-w

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