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Urological Cancers and Kidney Transplantation: a Literature Review

  • Kidney Diseases (G Ciancio, Section Editor)
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

The aim of this review is to provide an overview of epidemiology, risk factors, and treatment of urological malignancies in renal transplant recipients (RTR).

Recent Findings

Although optimal immunosuppressive therapy and cancer management in these patients remain controversial, adherence to general guidelines is recommended.

Summary

Kidney transplantation is recognized as the standard of care for the treatment of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) as it offers prolonged survival and better quality of life. In the last decades, survival of RTRs has increased as a result of improved immunosuppressive therapy; nonetheless, the risk of developing cancer is higher among RTRs compared to the general population. Urological malignancies are the second most common after hematological cancer and often have more aggressive behavior and poor prognosis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas Y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico

    Cristian Axel Hernández-Gaytán, Francisco Rodríguez-Covarrubias & Ricardo A. Castillejos-Molina

  2. Department of Urology, Hospital Angéles Tijuana, Tijuana, Mexico

    Andrés Hernández-Porras

  3. Departmernt of Urology, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Ignacio Tobia

  4. Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA

    Justin M. Dubin

  5. Lyx Instituto de Urología, Research Office of Confederación Americana de Urología (CAU), Madrid, Spain

    Ana María Autrán-Gómez

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Hernández-Gaytán, C.A., Rodríguez-Covarrubias, F., Castillejos-Molina, R.A. et al. Urological Cancers and Kidney Transplantation: a Literature Review. Curr Urol Rep 22, 62 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11934-021-01078-2

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