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Comparison of Echocardiography, Cardiac Magnetic Resonance, and Computed Tomographic Imaging for the Evaluation of Left Ventricular Myocardial Function: Part 2 (Diastolic and Regional Assessment)

  • Echocardiography (JM Gardin, Section Editor)
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Abstract

Assessing left ventricular diastolic and regional function is a crucial part of the cardiovascular evaluation. Diastolic function is as important as systolic function for left ventricular performance because it is the determinant of the ability of the left atrium and ventricle to fill at relatively low pressures. Additionally, diastolic function plays an important role in the management and prognosis of patients with symptoms and signs of heart failure. Technical advances in the imaging modalities have allowed a comprehensive noninvasive assessment of global and regional cardiac mechanics and precise estimation of cardiovascular hemodynamics. In this review, we will discuss and compare clinically available techniques and novel approaches using echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance, and computed tomography for the assessment of diastolic and regional left ventricular function.

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Abbreviations

ASE:

American Society of Echocardiography

CMR:

Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging

CW:

Continuous-wave

D:

Pulmonary venous diastolic flow wave

DENSE:

Displacement encoding with stimulated echoes

DSCT:

Dual source computed tomography

DT:

Deceleration time

E:

Early transmitral flow velocity

e′:

Early diastolic velocity of the mitral annulus

EACVI:

European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging

Echo:

Echocardiography

ECV:

Extracellular volume

EF:

Ejection fraction

FT-MRI:

Feature-tracking magnetic resonance imaging

HFpEF:

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction

HFrEF:

Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction

IVRT:

Isovolumetric relaxation time

LA:

Left atrial

LV:

Left ventricular

LVEDP:

Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure

MDCT:

Multidetector computed tomography

PW:

Pulsed-wave

S:

Pulmonary venous systolic flow wave

SENC:

Strain-encoded imaging

SPAMM:

Spatial modulation of magnetization

SRE :

Strain rate during early diastole

SRIVR :

Strain rate during isovolumetric relaxation

SSFP:

Balanced steady-state free precession

SQUEEZ:

Stretch Quantifier of Endocardial Engraved Zones

TDI:

Tissue Doppler imaging

TPM:

Tissue phase mapping

Vp:

M-mode flow propagation velocity

β:

Load-independent passive LV stiffness constant

τ:

Tau or time constant of left ventricular pressure decay

2D:

2-Dimensional

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA

    Menhel Kinno & Alfonso H. Waller

  2. Department of Radiology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA

    Prashant Nagpal

  3. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Morristown Medical Center, Gagnon Cardiovascular Institute, Morristown, NJ, USA

    Stephen Horgan

  4. Department of Radiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 185 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA

    Alfonso H. Waller

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  1. Menhel Kinno
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Correspondence to Alfonso H. Waller.

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Menhel Kinno, Prashant Nagpal, Stephen Horgan, and Alfonso H. Waller declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Echocardiography

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Kinno, M., Nagpal, P., Horgan, S. et al. Comparison of Echocardiography, Cardiac Magnetic Resonance, and Computed Tomographic Imaging for the Evaluation of Left Ventricular Myocardial Function: Part 2 (Diastolic and Regional Assessment). Curr Cardiol Rep 19, 6 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11886-017-0816-3

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