Skip to main content
Log in

Schlafqualität bei Säuglingen

Polysomnographisch gestützter Vergleich unter Wickel- (Swaddling-) bzw. Schlafsack-Bedingungen

Sleep quality in infants

A polysomnographic comparison of swaddling and infant sleep sacks

  • Originalien
  • Published:
Somnologie - Schlafforschung und Schlafmedizin Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Zusammenfassung

Fragestellung

In vielen Kulturen wickeln Eltern ihre Säuglinge während des Schlafes in Tücher (Swaddling). Angeblich schlafen derart gewickelte Säuglinge besser. Neue Studien bestätigen diese Beobachtung: es bestehen epidemiologische Hinweise, dass Swaddling das Risiko für den plötzlichen Säuglingstod (SID) reduziert. Ziel des Forschungsprojekts war die Gegenüberstellung der Schlafprofile bei Säuglingen in einem Wickelkissen („Cosyme“, Fa. Henschel-Baby) bzw. in einem traditionellen Schlafsack.

Patienten und Methoden

Bei 60 gesunden Säuglingen (je 30 in der Studiengruppe „Cosyme“ bzw. Kontrollgruppe) wurden im mittleren Alter von 54 Lebenstagen Polysomnographien in einem Schlaflabor aufgezeichnet. Gegenstand der Untersuchung waren die Beurteilung der Schlafarchitektur, des Schlafverhaltens sowie kardiopulmonaler Schlafcharakteristika der Säuglinge.

Ergebnisse

Swaddling-Bedingungen begünstigen einen ruhigeren Schlaf bei Säuglingen, reduzieren signifikant die Frequenz des spontanen Erwachens [Epoche n/h: 1,61 (1,02–3,2) vs. 2,9 (1,67–4,23); p<0,05] und erhöhen die Schlafeffizienz [90,78% (85,22–94,92) vs. 86,92% (81,94–92,47); p<0,05]. Die Sauerstoffsättigung zeigte sich darunter minimal erniedrigt, aber stabil mit Mittelwerten ≥96%.

Schlussfolgerungen

„Swaddling“ fördert die Schlafeffizienz und -intensität. Die gezielte Anwendung eines Wickelkissens bei unruhigem Säuglingsschlaf ist denkbar, ein therapeutischer Einsatz bei Kindern mit Unruhe aufgrund von Schmerzen, Infektionen o. Ä. sollte verifiziert werden.

Abstract

Aim

In many cultures around the world, infants are wrapped tightly in cloths or blankets while sleeping, a practice referred to as swaddling. It is believed that this practice improves the child’s sleep. New studies confirm this observation, and epidemiological evidence exists that swaddling reduces the risk of sudden infant death. The aim of this research project was to compare the sleep profiles of infants using a swaddling cushion (“Cosyme” from Henschel-Baby) to those sleeping in a traditional infant sleep sack.

Patients and methods

Sixty healthy infants (30 in the “Cosyme” study group and 30 in the control group), average age 54 days, underwent polysomnographic recording in a sleep laboratory. The object of the investigation was to determine the infants’ sleep architecture, sleep behaviour, and cardiopulmonary sleep characteristics.

Results

Swaddling promoted more peaceful sleep in the infants, significantly reducing spontaneous awakening [epochs n/h: 1.61 (1.02–3.2) vs. 2.9 (1.67–4.23); p<0.05] and increasing sleep efficiency [90.78% (85.22–94.92%) vs. 86.92% (81.94–92.47%); p<0.05]. Oxygen saturation was slightly lower but stable, with values ≥96%.

Conclusion

Swaddling promotes both sleep efficiency and sleep intensity. The selective use of a swaddling cushion for infants with restless sleep could be considered. Therapeutic application for restless sleep due to pain, infection, etc. needs to be verified.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Abb. 1

Literatur

  1. Anders T, Emde R, Parmelee AH (1971) A manual of standardized terminology, techniques and criteria for scoring of states of sleep and wakefulness in newborn infants. UCLA brain information service/Brain Research Institute, NINDS Neurological Information Network, Los Angeles/CA

  2. Beal S, Porter C (1991) Sudden infant death syndrome related to climate. Acta Paediatr Scand 80:278–287

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Campos RG (1989) Soothing pain-elicited distress in infants with swaddling and pacifiers. Child Dev 60:781–792

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Franco P, Seret N, van Hees JN et al (2005) Influence of swaddling on sleep an arousal characteristics of healthy infants. Pediatrics 115:1307–1311

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Gerard CM, Harris KA, Thach BT (2002) Physiological studies on swaddling: an ancient child care practice which may promote the supine position for infant sleep. Pediatrics 141:398–403

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Gerard CM, Harris KA, Thach BT (2002) Spontaneous arousals in supine infants while swaddled and unswaddled during rapid eye movement and Quiet sleep. Pediatrics 110 (6):e70

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Giacom SL (1971) Hunger and motor restrain on arousal and visual attention in the infant. Child Dev 42:605–614

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Jorch G, Trowitzsch E, von Kries R et al (1994) Epidemiologische Trends beim plötzlichen Säuglingstod. Kinderarzt 25:1145–1152

    Google Scholar 

  9. Lipton EL, Steinschneider A, Richmond JB (1965) Swaddling, a child care practice: historical, cultural and experimental observation. Pediatrics 35(suppl):521–567

    Google Scholar 

  10. Niewerth HJ, Wiater A, Eckardt T et al (2000) Polysomnographische Untersuchungen für Säuglinge und Kinder – Anleitung für die Laborarbeit. Somnologie 4:43–52

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Ohgi S, Akiyama T, Arisawa K, Shigermori K (2004) Randomised controlled trail of swaddling versus massage in the management of excessive crying in infant with cerebral injuries. Arch Dis Child 89:212–216

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Ponsonby AL, Dwyer T, Gibbons LE et al (1993) Factors potentiating the risk of sudden infant death syndrome associated with the prone position. N Engl J Med 329:377–382

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Short MA, Brooks-Brunn JA, Reeves DS et al (1996) The effects of swaddling versus standard positioning on neuromuscular development in very low birth weight infants. Neonatal Netw 15(4):25–31

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Sleuwen van BE, Engelberts AC, Boere-Boonekamp MM et al (2007) Swaddling: a systemic review. Pediatrics 120:e1097–e1106

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Sleuwen van BE, L’Hoir MP, Engelberts AC et al (2003) Infant care practices related to cot death in Turkish and Moroccan families in the Netherlands. Arch Dis Child 88:784–788

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Willinger M, Ko C, Hoffmann HJ et al (2000) Factors associated with caregiver’s choice of infant sleep position, 1994–1998: the National infant sleep position study. JAMA 283:2135–2142

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Wilson CA, Taylor BJ, Laing RM et al (1994) Clothing and bedding and its relevance to sudden infant death syndrom. J Paediatr Child Health 9930:506–512

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Yurdakok K, Yavuz T, Taylor CE (1990) Swaddling and acute respiratory infections. Am J Public Health 80:873–875

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Interessenkonflikt

Der korrespondierende Autor gibt an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to T. Erler.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Meyer, L., Erler, T. Schlafqualität bei Säuglingen. Somnologie 13, 24–28 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11818-009-0400-1

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11818-009-0400-1

Schlüsselwörter

Keywords

Navigation