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Algae as biosorption agents for recovering environments contaminated by trace metals: an overview of a potentially useful tool for mine disasters in Brazil

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Abstract

Mining activities are a source of metal pollutants that impact many freshwater systems. Some tools need to be developed or applied to remove these trace metals. In addition, low-cost materials are preferred for recovering water quality. The removal of trace metals by low-cost materials requires the substrate to have a great adsorption capacity, ion selectivity, and other adequate physical properties that are found in some microorganisms, favoring what is called biosorption. Several low-cost biosorbent materials have already been tested, in which algae is one of the most effective and promising substrates due to their biochemical composition. In recent years, interest in this topic has been increasing, mainly due to environmental disasters involving the collapse of mining dams, which have led to significant impacts and contamination of water bodies. Here we present some information about two mining dam disasters in Brazil and a review focused on the mechanisms of metal biosorption based on algae as a low-cost alternative for the recovery of impacted areas. We highlighted the socio-economic advantages of using these organisms. We also discuss the main factors affecting biosorption by algae and summarized information from several studies focused on the efficiency of adsorption for different metals. It is interesting to observe that there are some species-specificities in the interactions between algae and metals. Based on a vast body of literature, we show that algae are very efficient for biosorption of trace metals in aquatic environments that were seriously impacted by human actions.

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Acknowledgements

This research was financed by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES, Brazil) - Finance Code 001, through a strategic grant (grant number 88881.118082/2016-01).

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This research did not receive any specifc grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-proft sectors.

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CCF helped in the writing of the manuscript and in the search for the best bibliographies related to the topic.

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Correspondence to Libério Junio da Silva.

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da Silva, L.J., Figueredo, C.C. Algae as biosorption agents for recovering environments contaminated by trace metals: an overview of a potentially useful tool for mine disasters in Brazil. Biologia 78, 1–14 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11756-022-01189-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11756-022-01189-2

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