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Fathoming the kynurenine pathway in migraine: why understanding the enzymatic cascades is still critically important

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Abstract

Kynurenine pathway, the quantitatively main branch of tryptophan metabolism, has been long been considered a source of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, although several of its products, the so-called kynurenines, are endowed with the capacity to activate glutamate receptors, thus potentially influencing a large group of functions in the central nervous system (CNS). Migraine, a largely unknown pathology, is strictly related to the glutamate system in the CNS pathologic terms. Despite the large number of studies conducted on migraine etio-pathology, the kynurenine pathway has been only recently linked to this disease. Nonetheless, some evidence suggests an intriguing role for some kynurenines, and an exploratory study on the serum kynurenine level might be helpful to better understand possible alterations of the kynurenine pathway in patients suffering from migraine.

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Psychiatric Unit, Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) Department, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy

      Martina Curto

    2. Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

      Martina Curto

    3. Advanced Molecular Diagnostics Unit (DiMA), Sant’Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy

      Luana Lionetto

    4. I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed, Parco Tecnologico, Pozzilli, IS, Italy

      Francesco Fazio

    5. Neurology Department, AthensNaval Hospital, Athens, Greece

      Dimos-Dimitrios Mitsikostas

    6. Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy

      Paolo Martelletti

    7. Regional Referral Headache Centre, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy

      Paolo Martelletti

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    1. Martina Curto
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    Correspondence to Luana Lionetto.

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    M. Curto and L. Lionetto equally contributed to the manuscript.

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    Curto, M., Lionetto, L., Fazio, F. et al. Fathoming the kynurenine pathway in migraine: why understanding the enzymatic cascades is still critically important. Intern Emerg Med 10, 413–421 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11739-015-1208-6

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