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Comparative study on the structure characterization and immune activity of Lactarius vellereus Fr. polysaccharide (LV-1) and Cordyceps militaris (L. ex Fr.) Link. polysaccharide (CM-S)

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Abstract

In this study, two new polysaccharides were extracted from the fruiting bodies of Lactarius vellereus Fr. and Cordyceps militaris, respectively, by hot water extraction, ethanol precipitation and DEAE column chromatography, successively. The results showed that the molecular weight of Lactarius vellereus Fr. polysaccharide (LV-1) was 11,176 Da, and that of Cordyceps militaris (CM-S) was 134,631 Da. The results of structure identification by GC–MS, HPGPC, HPLC, FT-IR and NMR showed that LV-1 was composed of galactose and glucose in a ratio of 2:1. The C1 site of (1 → 6)-α-d-glucose was connected with C3 site of (1,3 → 6)-α-d-galactose, and C6 site was connected with C2 site of (1,2 → 6)-α-d-galactose and the galactose was 1 → 6 connected which formed a ring structure. CM-S was composed of galactose, glucose and xylose in the ratio of 3:2:1. The main chain of CM-S was (1 → 6)-α-d-galactose, which was connected at the C2 site with (1,4 → 6)-α-d-glucose at the C1 site. The C4 and C1 site of (1,4 → 6)-α-d-glucose are linked to one 4-β-d-glucose and one 1-α-d-xylose, respectively. The results of immunoactivity showed that LV-1 and CM-S have the proliferation activity of B cells, T cells and RAW264.7 cells in vitro, and the effect of LV-1 on the proliferation of immune cells was higher than that of CM-S. In addition, LV-1 could significantly promote the secretion of IgA, IgE, IgG and IgM in B cells. Transcriptome sequencing showed that the molecular mechanism of immune activity of LV-1 involves the activation of PI3K-AKT-Ras-MAPK signaling pathways.

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Funding

This project was supported by the Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Collection and Preservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (Grant No. KLMRCP2021-01), the Open Project Program of Irradiation Preservation Technology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Institute of Atomic Energy (Grant No. FZBC2020009), the Science and Technology Support Project of Nanchong Science and Technology Bureau of Sichuan Province (Grant Nos. 20YFZJ0053 and 20YFZJ0054).

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  1. Xiang Ding and Zhiqiang Song are co-first authors.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637009, Sichuan Province, China

    Xiang Ding

  2. Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Collection and Preservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, China

    Xiang Ding

  3. Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation, College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637009, Sichuan Province, China

    Zhiqiang Song & Yiling Hou

  4. Irradiation Preservation Technology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Institute of Atomic Energy, Chengdu, 610101, Sichuan Province, China

    Yiling Hou

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  1. Xiang Ding
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Ding, X., Song, Z. & Hou, Y. Comparative study on the structure characterization and immune activity of Lactarius vellereus Fr. polysaccharide (LV-1) and Cordyceps militaris (L. ex Fr.) Link. polysaccharide (CM-S). Food Measure 16, 901–919 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11694-021-01215-y

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