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Fine-tuning cell organelle dynamics during mitosis by small GTPases

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Abstract

During mitosis, the allocation of genetic material concurs with organelle transformation and distribution. The coordination of genetic material inheritance with organelle dynamics directs accurate mitotic progression, cell fate determination, and organismal homeostasis. Small GTPases belonging to the Ras superfamily regulate various cell organelles during division. Being the key regulators of membrane dynamics, the dysregulation of small GTPases is widely associated with cell organelle disruption in neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases, such as cancer and Alzheimer’s disease. Recent discoveries shed light on the molecular properties of small GTPases as sophisticated modulators of a remarkably complex and perfect adaptors for rapid structure reformation. This review collects current knowledge on small GTPases in the regulation of cell organelles during mitosis and highlights the mediator role of small GTPase in transducing cell cycle signaling to organelle dynamics during mitosis.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Mr. Christopher M. Lavender and Dr. Yuchen Zhang for critically reading our manuscript, and members of the Liu Q laboratory for scientific advice. Space constraints limited the number of citations. We apologize to those whose work we are unable to cite. This research work is supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (Nos. 2019YFA0110300 and 2017YFA0505600-04), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 81820108024 and 81630005), the Innovative Research Team in University of Ministry of Education of China (No. IRT-17R15), and the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong (Nos. 2016A030311038 and 2017A030313608).

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  1. State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China

    Zijian Zhang & Quentin Liu

  2. Department of Clinical Immunology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China

    Wei Zhang

  3. Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China

    Quentin Liu

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  1. Zijian Zhang
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  2. Wei Zhang
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Correspondence to Quentin Liu.

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Zijian Zhang, Wei Zhang, and Quentin Liu declare no competing interest. This manuscript is a review article and does not involve a research protocol requiring approval by the relevant institutional review board or ethics committee.

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Zhang, Z., Zhang, W. & Liu, Q. Fine-tuning cell organelle dynamics during mitosis by small GTPases. Front. Med. 16, 339–357 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11684-022-0926-1

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