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Comparing Compression Deformation and Rate Sensitivity of Additively Manufactured and Extruded-Annealed 316L Alloys

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Abstract

The deformation behavior of a selective-laser-melt-processed 316-L alloy (SLM-316L) under compression was determined together with a commercial annealed-extruded 316L alloy bar (C-316L) for comparison. Strain rate jump tests and hardness tests on the untested and compression tested samples were also performed. Extensive microscopic observations on the deformed and undeformed samples showed a twinning-dominated deformation in SLM-316L, similar to twinning-induced-plasticity steels, while a martensitic transformation-dominated deformation in C-316L alloy, similar to transformation-induced-plasticity steels. Within the studied quasi-static strain rate regime, the measured higher strain rate sensitivity of SLM-316L was ascribed to the lower distances between the nano-twins, in the level of 100 nm, than the distances between martensite plates, in the level of 1000 nm. A higher hardness increase in the martensite transformation region as compared with the twinned region proved the higher work hardening of C-316L. The hardness tests in the micron and sub-micron levels further confirmed the previously determined relatively low resistances of the dislocation cell walls (sub-grain) to the dislocation motion in SLM-316L alloy.

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge financial support by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey within the support program 1515 for research and laboratory developments within Project Number 5189901. Moreover, the authors are grateful to the Materials Division of TUBITAK Marmara Research Center for providing the needed infrastructure.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, İzmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir, Turkey

    Samed Enser & Mustafa Güden

  2. Additive Manufacturing Excellence Center, Turkish Aerospace Industries, Kahramankazan, Ankara, Turkey

    Hakan Yavas, Burcu Arslan Hamat, Gülten Kafadar, A. Alptuğ Tanrıkulu & Fahrettin Ozturk

  3. Division of Materials Science, TUBITAK-MAM, Gebze, Turkey

    Hüseyin Aydın & Havva Zeytin Kazdal

  4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Etlik, Ankara, Turkey

    Fahrettin Ozturk

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  1. Samed Enser
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This invited article is part of a special topical focus in the Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance on Additive Manufacturing. The issue was organized by Dr. William Frazier, Pilgrim Consulting, LLC; Mr. Rick Russell, NASA; Dr. Yan Lu, NIST; Dr. Brandon D. Ribic, America Makes; and Caroline Vail, NSWC Carderock.

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Enser, S., Yavas, H., Hamat, B.A. et al. Comparing Compression Deformation and Rate Sensitivity of Additively Manufactured and Extruded-Annealed 316L Alloys. J. of Materi Eng and Perform 30, 8831–8840 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-021-06340-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-021-06340-9

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