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Effects of Ultrasonic Vibration on Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Fracture Mode of Inconel 625 Parts Fabricated by Cold Metal Transfer Arc Additive Manufacturing

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Abstract

Ultrasonic vibration was applied in cold metal transfer (CMT) arc additive manufacturing of Inconel 625 parts with the purpose to study the effects of ultrasonic vibration on weld formation, microstructure, and mechanical properties. Forming geometry can be affected by ultrasonic vibration during CMT arc additive manufacturing, especially reducing weld penetration and the penetration rate, by measuring weld width, weld penetration, contact angle, and penetration rate. Performed by optical and scanning electron microscopy, the dendrite grains were refined and the directional growth of coarse columnar grains was also suppressed in the CMT welds with ultrasonic vibration. Energy dispersive spectrometry and x-ray energy-dispersive spectrometry were also used to evaluate the composition of the phases, which show the second phases of laves enriched in Mo and Nb were segregated at the grain boundary of γ-Ni dendrites and columnar grains. Comparing traditional CMT processed samples, tensile strengths which reached 677.1 ± 4.6 MPa were improved in the transverse direction with the ultrasonic vibration. All of the sample fracture occurred in a transcrystalline ductile mode, but the dimples were denser and more uniform on fracture surface of tensile samples with ultrasonic vibration.

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Acknowledgment

This research was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52005007), Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation (1908085QE198), and Natural Science Fund of Anhui Province Education Office (KJ2019A0069).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Green Fabrication and Surface Technology of Advanced Metal Materials, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Technology, Huolishan Road328#, Ma’anshan, 243002, Anhui Province, China

    Qunshuang Ma & Lei Hu

  2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma’anshan, 243032, China

    Qunshuang Ma, Haozhe Chen, Yuanye Zhang, Wei Meng & Xiaohui Yin

  3. Materials and Energy Division, Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Building 9, East Zone, ZPark II, No.10 East Xibeiwang Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China

    Nannan Ren

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  1. Qunshuang Ma
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Correspondence to Nannan Ren.

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This invited article is part of a special topical focus in the Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance on Additive Manufacturing. The issue was organized by Dr. William Frazier, Pilgrim Consulting, LLC; Mr. Rick Russell, NASA; Dr. Yan Lu, NIST; Dr. Brandon D. Ribic, America Makes; and Caroline Vail, NSWC Carderock.

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Ma, Q., Chen, H., Ren, N. et al. Effects of Ultrasonic Vibration on Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Fracture Mode of Inconel 625 Parts Fabricated by Cold Metal Transfer Arc Additive Manufacturing. J. of Materi Eng and Perform 30, 6808–6820 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-021-06023-5

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