Skip to main content
Log in

Corrosion Resistance of Bis-Silane-Modified Epoxy Coatings on an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu Alloy

  • Published:
Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A bis-silane prepolymer-modified epoxy coating was applied to an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy to improve corrosion protection. The bis-silane prepolymer was synthesized from tetraethoxysilane and γ-glycidoxypropyl trimethoxysilane. To study the mechanism of protection failure by the silane–epoxy hybrid coating and to determine an appropriate coating for protection, various coatings with different silane prepolymer contents were developed. The corrosion behavior of the coatings was studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in a 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution. In comparison with silane monomer-modified epoxy coatings, the bis-silane-modified epoxy coating had lower coating capacitance (Cc), higher charge transfer resistance (Rdl) and lower double-layer capacitance (Cdl) during long immersion times, indicating a higher resistance to water permeation and stronger protection against substrate corrosion. The lowest Cc and Cdl values were obtained by mixing epoxy and the bis-silane prepolymer at a ratio of 1:1.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Scheme 1
Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. V.N. Nguyen, F.X. Perrin, and J.L. Vernet, Water Permeability of Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Coatings Prepared by Sol–Gel Method: A Comparison Between Gravimetric and Capacitance Measurements and Evaluation of Non-Fickian Sorption Models, Corros. Sci., 2005, 47, p 397–412

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. M.-a. Chen, O. Yan-chun, F. You-hong et al., Effect of Friction Stirred Al-Fe-Si Particles in 6061 Aluminum Alloy on Structure and Corrosion Performance of MAO Coating, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2016, 304, p 85–97

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. L. Chen, D. Zeng, Z. Liu et al., Improving the Fatigue Crack Propagation Resistance and Damage Tolerance of 2524-T3 Alloy with Amorphous Electroless Ni-P Coating, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2018, 27(2), p 881–888

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. F. Brusciotti, D.V. Snihirova, H. Xue, M.F. Montemor, S.V. Lamaka, and M.G. Ferreira, Hybrid Epoxy-Silane Coatings for Improved Corrosion Protection of Mg Alloy, Corros. Sci., 2013, 67, p 82–90

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. A. Foyet, T.H. Wu, L. van der Ven et al., Influence of Mixing Ratio on the Permeability of Water and the Corrosion Performance of Epoxy/Amine Coated Un-Pretreated Al-2024 Evaluated by Impedance Spectroscopy, Prog. Org. Coat., 2009, 64, p 138–141

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. M. Qian, A. McIntoshSoutar, X.H. Tan, X.T. Zeng, and S.L. Wijesinghe, Two-Part Epoxy-Siloxane Hybrid Corrosion Protection Coatings for Carbon Steel, Thin Solid Films, 2009, 517, p 5237–5242

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. L. Matejka, K. Dusek, J. Plestil, J. Kriz, and F. Lednicky, Formation and Structure of the Epoxy–Silica Hybrids, Polymer, 1999, 40, p 171–181

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. E. Bakhshandeh, A. Jannesari, Z. Ranjbar, S. Sobhani, and M.R. Saeb, Anti-Corrosion Hybrid Coatings Based on Epoxy–Silica Nano-Composites: Toward Relationship Between the Morphology and EIS Data, Progress Organ. Coat., 2014, 77(7), p 1169–1183

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. W.-G. Ji, J.-M. Hu, L. Liu, J.-Q. Zhang, and C.-N. Cao, Improving the Corrosion Performance of Epoxy Coatings by Chemical Modification with Silane Monomers, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2007, 201, p 4789–4795

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. M.Y. Jiang et al., Silane-Incorporated Epoxy Coatings on Aluminum Alloy (AA2024). Part 1: Improved Corrosion Performance, Corros. Sci., 2015, 92, p 118–126

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. M. Ochi, R. Takahashi, and A. Terauchi, Phase Structure and Mechanical and Adhesion Properties of Epoxy/Silica Hybrids, Polymer, 2001, 42(12), p 5151–5158

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. A.L.K. Tan, A.M. Soutar, I.F. Annergren, and Y.N. Liu, Multilayer Sol–Gel Coatings for Corrosion Protection of Magnesium, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2005, 198, p 478–482

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. X. Yuan, Z.F. Yue, Z.Q. Liu et al., Effect of Mixture Ratio on Water Uptake and Corrosion Performance of Silicone-Epoxy Hybrid Coatings Coated 2024 Al-Alloy, Prog. Org. Coat., 2015, 78(2015), p 168–175

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. J.T. Zhang, J.M. Hu, J.Q. Zhang, and C.N. Cao, Studies of Impedance Models and Water Transport Behaviors of Polypropylene Coated Metals in NaCl Solution, Prog. Org. Coat., 2004, 49, p 293–301

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. C.L. Chiang and C.C.M. Ma, Synthesis, Characterization and Thermal Properties of Novel Epoxy Containing Silicon and Phosphorus Nanocomposites by Sol–Gel Method, J. Eur. Polym., 2002, 38, p 2219–2224

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. K.J. Jothi and K. Palanivelu, Synergistic Effect of Silane Modified Nano-Composites for Active Corrosion Protection, Ceram. Int., 2013, 39, p 7619–7625

    Google Scholar 

  17. R. Pena-Alonso, F. Rubio, J. Rubio, and J.L. Oteo, Study of the Hydrolysis and Condensation of γ-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane by FT-IR Spectroscopy, J. Mater. Sci., 2007, 42, p 595–603

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. F. Fracassi, R. d’Agostino, F. Palumbo, E. Angelini, S. Grassini, and F. Rosalbino, Application of Plasma Deposited Organosilicon Thin Films for the Corrosion Protection of Metals, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2003, 174–175, p 107–111

    Google Scholar 

  19. N.D. Vejar, M.I. Azocar, L.A. Tamayo et al., Anti Befouling Properties of Sol-Gel Type Polymers for Aluminium Alloys: Biocorrosion Protection Against Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Int. J. Electrochem. Sci., 2013, 8, p 12062–12077

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. M. Alagar, A.A. Kumar, A.A. Praba, and A. Rajendran, Modification of Siliconized Epoxy Resin using Multifunctional Silanes, Int. J. Polym. Mater., 2004, 53, p 45–58

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. J.J. ChruscielJerzy and E. Lesniak, Modification of Epoxy Resins with Functional Silanes, Polysiloxanes, Silsesquioxanes, Silica and Silicates, Prog. Prog. Sci., 2015, 41, p 67–121

    Google Scholar 

  22. E. Alyamac, H. Gu, M.D. Soucek, S. Qiub, and R.G. Buchheit, Alkoxysilane Oligomer Modified Epoxide Primers, Progr. Org. Coat., 2012, 74, p 67–81

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. L.Y. Jia, C. Zhang, Z.J. Du, C.J. Li, and H.Q. Li, A Novel Approach to Interpenetrating Networks of Epoxy Resin and Polydimethylsiloxane, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2007, 105, p 2663–2669

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. H. Jeon, J. Park, and M. Shon, Corrosion Protection by Epoxy Coating Containing Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 2013, 19, p 849–853

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. M.F. Montemor and M.G.S. Ferreira, Electrochemical Study of Modified Bis-[Triethoxysilylpropyl] Tetrasulfide Silane Films Applied on the AZ31 Mg Alloy, Electrochim. Acta, 2007, 52, p 7486–7495

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. A.P. Romano, M. Fedel, F. Deflorian et al., Silane Sol–Gel Film as Pretreatment for Improvement of Barrier Properties and Filiform Corrosion Resistance of 6016 Aluminium Alloy Covered by Cataphoretic Coating, Prog. Org. Coat., 2011, 72(4), p 695–702

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. J.M. Hu, J.Q. Zhang, and C.N. Cao, Determination of Water Uptake and Diffusion of Cl Ion in Epoxy Primer on Aluminum Alloys in NaCl Solution by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy, Prog. Org. Coat., 2003, 46(4), p 273–279

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. P. Hammer, F.C. dos Santos, B.M. Cerrutti, S.H. Pulcinelli, and C.V. Santilli, Highly Corrosion Resistant Siloxane-Polymethyl Methacrylate Hybrid Coatings, J. Sol-Gel. Sci. Technol., 2012, 63, p 266–274

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. B. Hirschorn, M.E. Orazem, B. Tribollet, V. Vivier, I. Frateur, and M. Musiani, Determination of Effective Capacitance and Film Thickness from Constant-Phase-Element Parameters, Electrochim. Acta, 2010, 55, p 6218–6227

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. M.L. Zheludkevich, J. Tedim, C.S.R. Freire, S.C.M. Fernandes, S. Kallip, A. Lisenkov, A. Gandini, and M.G.S. Ferreira, Self-healing Protective Coatings with “Green” Chitosan Based Pre-layer Reservoir of Corrosion Inhibitor, J. Mater. Chem., 2011, 21, p 4805–4812

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. M.L. Zheludkevich, K.A. Yasakau, A.C. Bastos, O.V. Karavai, and M.G.S. Ferreira, On the Application of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy to Study the Self-healing Properties of Protective Coatings, Electrochem. Commun., 2007, 9, p 2622–2628

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. X. Yuan, Z.F. Yue, X. Chen et al., The Protective and Adhesion Properties of Silicone-Epoxy Hybrid Coatings on 2024 AL-Alloy with a Silane Film as Pretreatment, Corros. Sci., 2016, 104, p 84–97

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. M.Y. Jiang et al., Silane-Incorporated Epoxy Coatings on Aluminum Alloy (AA2024). Part 2: Mechanistic Investigations, Corros. Sci., 2015, 92, p 127–135

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. G.J. Brug, A.L.G. van den Eeden, M. Sluyters-Rehbach, and J.H. Sluyters, The Analysis of Electrode Impedances Complicated by the Presence of a Constant Phase Element, J. Electroanal. Chem. Interfacial Electrochem., 1984, 176, p 275–295

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. A. Frignani, F. Zucchi, G. Trabanelli, and V. Grassi, Protective Action Towards Aluminium Corrosion by Silanes with a Long Aliphatic Chain, Corros. Sci., 2006, 48, p 2258–2273

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. D. Zhu and W.J. van Ooij, Corrosion Protection of AA 2024-T3 By bis-[3-(Triethoxysilyl) Propyl]Tetrasulfide in Sodium Chloride Solution. Part 2: Mechanism for Corrosion Protection, Corros. Sci., 2003, 45, p 2177–2197

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. S. Amand, M. Musiani, M.E. Orazem et al., Constant-Phase-Element Behavior Caused by Inhomogeneous Water Uptake in Anti-Corrosion Coatings, Electrochim. Acta., 2013, 87, p 693–700

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. F. Deflorian and S. Rossi, An EIS Study of Ion Diffusion Through Organic Coatings, Electrochim. Acta, 2006, 51, p 1736–1744

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. X. Guo, K. Du, Q. Guo, Y. Wang, R. Wang, and F. Wang, Study of Barrier Property of Composite Film Coated on Mg-Gd-Y Alloy by Water Diffusion, ECS Electrochem. Lett., 2013, 2, p C27–C30

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. J.B. Bajat, V.B. Miˇskovic-Stankovic, and Z.M. Kacarevic-Popovic, Corrosion Stability of Epoxy Coatings on Aluminum Pretreated by Vinyltriethoxysilane, Corros. Sci., 2008, 50, p 2078–2084

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. F. Mansfeld, Use of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy for the Study of Corrosion Protection by Polymer Coatings, J. Appl. Electrochem., 1995, 25, p 187–202

    Google Scholar 

  42. F. Deflorian, S. Rossia, L. Fedrizzi, and P.L. Bonora, E1S Study of Organic Coating on Zinc Surface Pretreated with Environmentally Friendly Products, Prog. Org. Coat., 2005, 52, p 271

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. R. Hirayama and S. Haruyama, Electrochemical Impedance for Degraded Coated Steel Having Pores, Corrosion, 1991, 47, p 952–958

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. S.B. Lyona, R. Binghamb, and D.J. Millsc, Advances in Corrosion Protection by Organic Coatings: What We Know and What We Would Like to Know, Prog. Org. Coat., 2017, 102, p 2–7

    Google Scholar 

  45. D.H.V.D. Weijde, E.P.M.V. Westing, and J.H.W.D. Wit, EIS Measurements on Artificial Blisters in Organic Coatings, Electrochim. Acta, 1996, 41(7–8), p 1103–1107

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful for financial support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFB0300900), the National Key Fundamental Research Project of China (2012CB619506-3), Natural Science Foundation of China (51171209), 2011 Program of Ministry of Education of China.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Zhiyi Liu or Song Bai.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

There are no conflicts of interest to declare.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Zeng, D., Liu, Z., Bai, S. et al. Corrosion Resistance of Bis-Silane-Modified Epoxy Coatings on an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu Alloy. J. of Materi Eng and Perform 29, 5282–5290 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-020-05049-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-020-05049-5

Keywords

Navigation