Abstract
The synthesis of reduced graphene oxide using pulsed laser irradiation is experimentally investigated. For this purpose, various irradiation conditions were selected and the chemical features of the different products were explored using ultraviolet–visible, Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopy techniques. Moreover, the nonlinear optical properties of the synthesized products were assessed by using open and closed aperture Z-scan techniques, in which continuous wave laser irradiating at 532-nm wavelength was utilized as the exciting source. The results clearly revealed that the degree of graphene oxide reduction not only depends on the amount of the irradiation dose (energy of the laser beam × exposure time) but also on the light source wavelength. Furthermore, strong dependency between the nonlinear optical properties of the products and the amount of the de-oxygenation was observed. The experimental results are discussed in detail.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
S. Stankovich, D.A. Dikin, G.H.B. Dommett, K.M. Kohlhaas, E.J. Zimney, E.A. Stach, R.D. Piner, S.T. Nguyen, and R.S. Ruoff, Nature 442, 282 (2006).
R. Trusovas, G. Račiukaitis, G. Niaura, J. Barkauskas, G. Valušis, and R. Pauliukaite, Adv. Opt. Mater. 4, 37 (2016).
D.R. Dreyer, S. Park, ChW Bielawski, and R.S. Ruoff, Chem. Soc. Rev. 39, 228 (2010).
I. Jung, D.A. Dikin, R.D. Piner, and R.S. Ruoff, Nano Lett. 8, 4283 (2008).
K.P. Loh, Q. Bao, G. Eda, and M. Chhowalla, Nat. Chem. 2, 1015 (2010).
M. Saravanan, T.C. Sabari Girisun, G. Vinithab, and S. Venugopal Rao, RSC Adv. 6, 91083 (2016).
S. Bhattachraya, R. Maiti, A.C. Das, S. Saha, S. Mondal, S.K. Ray, S.N.B. Bhaktha, and P.K. Datta, J. Appl. Phys. 120, 013101 (2016).
Z. Liu, Y. Wang, X. Zhang, Y. Xu, and Y. Chen, Appl. Phys. Lett. 94, 021902 (2009).
X. Zheng, M. Feng, Z. Li, Y. Song, and H. Zhan, J. Mater. Chem. C 2, 4121 (2014).
X. Jiang, L. Polavarapu, S.T. Neo, T. Venkatesan, and Q. Xu, J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 3, 785 (2012).
S. Perumbilavil, P. Sankar, T.P. Rose, and R. Philip, Appl. Phys. Lett. 107, 051104 (2015).
M.B.M. Krishna, N. Venkatramaiah, R. Venkatesan, and D.N. Rao, J. Mater. Chem. 22, 3059 (2012).
Sh. Moussa, G. Atkinson, M. Samy El-Shah, and M.B. Mohamed, J. Mater. Chem. 21, 9608 (2011).
K.A. Mkhoyan, A.W. Contryman, J. Silcox, D.A. Stewart, G. Eda, C. Mattevi, S. Miller, and M. Chhowalla, Nano Lett. 9, 1058 (2009).
D. Yang, A. Velamakanni, G. Bozoklu, S. Park, M. Stoller, R.D. Piner, and S. Stankovich, Carbon 47, 145 (2009).
H. Shi, C. Wang, Z. Sun, Y. Zhou, and K. Jin, Opt. Express 24, 13033 (2016).
S. Pei and H.M. Cheng, Carbon 50, 3210 (2012).
S. Gilji, S. Dubin, A. Badakhshan, and R.B. Kaner, Adv. Mater. 22, 419 (2010).
F. Ghasemi, P. Parvin, N.S. Hosseini Motlagh, A. Amjadi, and S. Abachi, Appl. Opt. 55, 8227 (2016).
F. Ghasemi, P. Parvin, N.S. Hosseini Motlagh, and S. Abachi, Biomed. Opt. Express 8, 512 (2017).
F. Ghasemi, P. Parvin, N.S.H. Motlagh, and M. Keraji, Int. J. Opt. Photonics 9, 65 (2015).
N.S. Hosseini Motlagh, P. Parvin, F. Ghasemi, F. Atyabi, and S.S. Jelvani, Laser Phys. Lett. 13, 075604 (2016).
S. Razi, K. Madanipour, and M. Mollabashi, Opt. Laser Technol. 80, 237 (2016).
S. Razi, K. Madanipour, and M. Mollabashi, J. Laser Appl. 27, 042006-1 (2015).
S. Razi, M. Mollabashi, and Kh. Madanipour, Eur. Phys. J. Plus. 130, 247 (2015).
V. Abdelsayed, Sh. Moussa, H.M. Hassan, M. Collinson, and M.S. El-Shah, J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 1, 2804 (2010).
E.E. Ghadim, N. Rashidi, S. Kimiagar, O. Akhavan, F. Manouchehri, and E. Ghaderi, Appl. Surf. Sci. 301, 183 (2014).
S.F. Spanò, G. Isgrò, P. Russo, M.E. Fragalà, and G. Compagnini, Appl. Phys. A 117, 19 (2014).
Y. Zhang, L. Guo, S. Wei, Y. He, H. Xia, Q. Chen, H. Sun, and F. Xiao, Nano Today 5, 15 (2010).
R. Karimzadeh and A. Arandian, Laser Phys. Lett. 12, 025401 (2015).
S.H. Aboutalebi, M.M. Gudarzi, Q.B. Zheng, and J.-K. Kim, Adv. Funct. Mater. 21, 2978 (2011).
S. Saxena, T.A. Tyson, S. Shukla, and J.M. Bai, Appl. Phys. Lett. 99, 013104 (2011).
M. Sheik-Bahae, A.A. Said, T.H. Wei, D.J. Hagan, and E.W. Van Stryland, IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 26, 760 (1990).
L. Liu, L. Wang, J. Gao, X. Gao, and Z. Chen, Carbon 50, 1690 (2012).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ghasemi, F., Razi, S. & Madanipour, K. Single-Step Laser-Assisted Graphene Oxide Reduction and Nonlinear Optical Properties Exploration via CW Laser Excitation. J. Electron. Mater. 47, 2871–2879 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-018-6133-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-018-6133-9