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On Macrosegregation

  • Symposium: ICASP-4 (International Conference on Advanced Solidification Processing)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Macrosegregations, namely compositional inhomogeneities at a scale much larger than the microstructure, are typically classified according to their metallurgical appearance. In ingot castings, they are known as ‘A’ and ‘V’ segregation, negative cone segregation, and positive secondary pipe segregation. There exists ‘inverse’ segregation at casting surfaces and ‘centerline’ segregation in continuously cast slabs and blooms. Macrosegregation forms if a relative motion between the solute-enriched or -depleted melt and dendritic solid structures occurs. It is known that there are four basic mechanisms for the occurrence of macrosegregation. In the recent years, the numerical description of the combination of these mechanisms has become possible and so a tool has emerged which can be effectively used to get a deeper understanding into the process details which are responsible for the formation of the above-mentioned different macrosegregation appearances. Based on the most sophisticated numerical models, we consequently associate the four basic formation mechanisms with the physical phenomena happening during (i) DC-casting of copper-based alloys, (ii) DC-casting of aluminum-based alloys, (iii) continuous casting of steel, and (iv) ingot casting of steel.

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Notes

  1. In the present discussion formation of shrinkage porosity is neglected.

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Acknowledgments

This report is based on a plenary talk given at the 4th Int. Conf. on Advances in Solidification Processes (ICASP-4), July 2014 in Beaumont, Old Winsor, UK. The authors are grateful to the conference chairmen for being invited and getting the opportunity to present this overview on macrosegregation. We further acknowledge the financial support provided by the Austrian Federal Ministry of Economy, Family and Youth and the National Foundation for Research, Technology and Development within the framework of the Christian Doppler Laboratory for Advanced Process Simulation of Solidification and Melting. In addition, we acknowledge the cooperation of J. Domitner, F. Mayer, M. Grasser, and J. Li, J. Hao in various projects.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chair of Simulation and Modeling of Metallurgical Processes, Montanuniversitaet Leoben, Leoben, Austria

    Andreas Ludwig, Menghuai Wu & Abdellah Kharicha

  2. Christian-Doppler Laboratory for Advanced Process Simulation of Solidification and Melting, Montanuniversitaet Leoben, Leoben, Austria

    Menghuai Wu & Abdellah Kharicha

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  1. Andreas Ludwig
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  2. Menghuai Wu
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  3. Abdellah Kharicha
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Correspondence to Andreas Ludwig.

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Manuscript submitted September 20, 2014.

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Ludwig, A., Wu, M. & Kharicha, A. On Macrosegregation. Metall Mater Trans A 46, 4854–4867 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-015-2959-4

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