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Alloying-Element Loss During High-Temperature Processing of a Nickel-Base Superalloy

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Abstract

The effect of exposure at temperatures commonly used for wrought processing/heat treatment of nickel-base superalloys on the loss of alloying elements at the free surface has been determined. For this purpose, LSHR superalloy samples were exposed at 1408 K (1135 °C) for 0.25 to 4 hours in a vacuum or air furnace. Samples heat treated in the air furnace were either bare or enclosed in quartz capsules that had been evacuated or backfilled with argon. Following heat treatment, the alloy composition as a function of depth below the surface was determined by wavelength dispersive spectroscopy. Samples that had been heat treated in the vacuum furnace exhibited significant depletion of only chromium, a behavior explained on the basis of its high activity in nickel solid solution and corresponding rapid rate of evaporation. By contrast, samples heat treated in air exhibited an irregular scale at the surface and an underlying grain-coarsened, gamma-prime-depleted metal layer lean in aluminum, titanium, and chromium. A yet different behavior characterized primarily by aluminum loss at the surface was noted for samples that had been heat treated in evacuated or argon-backfilled capsules. These observations were interpreted in the context of a reaction between the quartz capsule and the aluminum evaporant.

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Acknowledgments

This work was conducted as part of the in-house research of the Metals Branch of the Air Force Research Laboratory’s Materials and Manufacturing Directorate. The support and encouragement of the Laboratory management and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (Drs. A. Sayir and J. Fuller, program managers) are gratefully acknowledged. Technical discussions with T.P. Gabb and C.K Sudbrack (NASA Glenn Research Center) are much appreciated. The assistance of T.M. Brown, R.E. Turner, and F. Meisenkothen in conducting the heat treatment experiments and determining the composition of deposits on quartz capsules is appreciated. Three of the authors were supported under the auspices of contracts FA8650-08-D-5200 (JMS) FA8650-09-2-5800 (WMS), and FA8650-07-D-5800 (ALP).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. AFRL/RXCM, Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH, 45433-7817, USA

    S. L. Semiatin (Senior Scientist, Materials Processing/Processing Science), A. L. Pilchak (Materials Research Engineer) & D. L. Ballard (Senior Materials Research Engineer)

  2. UES, Inc., 4401 Dayton-Xenia Road, Dayton, OH, 45432, USA

    J. M. Shank (Technician)

  3. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Dayton, 300 College Park, Dayton, OH, 45409, USA

    W. M. Saurber (Undergraduate Student)

  4. CompuTherm, LLC, Madison, WI, 53719, USA

    F. Zhang (President)

  5. Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA

    B. Gleeson (Professor)

Authors
  1. S. L. Semiatin
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  2. J. M. Shank
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  3. W. M. Saurber
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  4. A. L. Pilchak
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  5. D. L. Ballard
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  6. F. Zhang
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  7. B. Gleeson
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Correspondence to S. L. Semiatin.

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Manuscript submitted December 20, 2012.

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Semiatin, S.L., Shank, J.M., Saurber, W.M. et al. Alloying-Element Loss During High-Temperature Processing of a Nickel-Base Superalloy. Metall Mater Trans A 45, 962–979 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-013-2005-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-013-2005-3

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