Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Fabrication of Sn-Ag/CeO2 Electro-Composite Solder by Pulse Electrodeposition

  • Published:
Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The Sn-Ag/CeO2 nanocomposite solders have been pulse electrodeposited from an aqueous citrate bath containing varying concentrations of CeO2 nanopowders (1 to 30 g/L). Microstructural characterization, hardness, melting point, electrical conductivity, wear resistance, and residual stress measurement of the composite coatings indicate that the composite deposited from an electrolyte containing 15 g/L CeO2 possesses the optimum properties and thus can have potential applications in solder joints and packaging.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. M. Abtew and G. Selvaduray: Mater. Sci. Eng. R., 2000, vol. 27, pp. 95-141.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. F. Guo: J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron., 2007, vol. 18, pp. 129–45.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. K. Suganuma: Curr. Opin. Solid State. Mater., 2001, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 55-64.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. A. Schubert, R. Dudek, H. Walter, E. Jung, A. Gollhardt, B. Michel, and H. Reichl: IEEE Electronic Components and Technology Conference, San Deigo, May 2002, pp. 1246–55.

  5. J.H. Lau: IEEE Trans. Compon. Packag. Manuf. Technol., 1996, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 728-35.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. S. Weise, F. Feustel and E. Muesel: Sensors Actuators A., 2002, vol. 99, pp. 188-93.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. L. Zhang, Z.G. Wang and J.K. Shang: Scripta Mater., 2007, vol. 56, pp. 381–84.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. A.L. Morales. Ph.D. Thesis, Louisiana State University, December 2006.

  9. A. Gomes, I. Pereira, B. Fernández, and R. Pereiro: Advances in Nanocomposites-Synthesis, Characterization and Industrial Applications, B. Reddy, ed., InTech Europe, Winchester, 2011, pp. 503–26.

  10. N.S. Qu, K.C. Chan and D. Zhu: Scripta Mater, 2004, vol. 50, pp. 1131–34.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. S.B. Menzel, J. Thomas, U. Weissker, F. Schaffel, C. Hossbach, M. Albert, S. Hampel, T. Gemming: J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol., 2009, vol. 10, no. 10, pp. 6096-6103.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Y.-S. Shin, S. Lee, S. Yoo, and C.-W. Lee: Microelectronics and Packaging Conference, EMPC 2009, June 2009, pp. 1–4.

  13. J.W. Park, J.Y. Eom, and H.S. Kwon: Electrochem. Commun., 2009, vol. 11, pp. 596–98.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. E.K. Choi, K.Y. Lee and T.S. Oh: J. Phys. Chem. Solids, 2008, vol. 69, pp. 1403–06.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. J. Shen and Y.C. Chan: Microelectron. Reliab., 2009, vol. 49, pp. 223–34.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. P. Babaghorbani, S.M.L. Nai and M. Gupta: J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron., 2009, vol. 20, pp. 571–76.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. X. Liu, M. Huang, C.M.L. Wu, L. Wang: J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron., 2010, vol. 21, pp. 1046–54.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. N. Cioatera, A. Samide, A. Maxut, R.-N. Vannier and M. Traisnel: Rev. Roum. Chim., 2011, vol. 56, pp. 1003-09.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. V. Mangam, S. Bhattacharya, K. Das and S. Das: Surf. Coat. Technol., 2010, vol. 205, pp. 801-05.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. A. Roshanghias, A.H. Kokabi, Y. Miyashita, Y. Mutoh, M. Rezayat and H.R. Madaah-Hosseini: J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron., 2012, vol. 23, no. 9, pp. 1698-1704.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. L. Wang, Y. Gao, H. Liu, Q. Xue and T. Xu: Surf. Coat. Technol., 2005, vol. 191, pp. 1–6.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. M. Fukuda, K. Imayoshi and Y. Matsumoto: J. Electrochem. Soc., 2002, vol. 149, no. 5, pp. C244-C249.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. G.K. Williamson, W.H. Hall: Acta Metall., 1953, vol. 1, pp. 22-31.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. B.D. Cullity and S.R. Stock: Elements of X-ray Diffraction, 3rd ed., Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  25. K. Sato, N. Ichimiya, A. Kondo and Y. Tanaka: Surf. Coat. Technol. 2003, vol. 163–164, pp. 135–43.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. M. Sobiech, J. Teufel, U. Welzel, E.J. Mittemeijer and W. Hugel: J. Electron. Mater., 2011, vol. 40, no. 11, pp. 2300-13.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. E. Buchovecky, N. Jadhav, A.F. Bower and E. Chason: J. Electron. Mater., 2009, vol. 38, no. 12, pp. 2676-84.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. B.M. Praveen and T.V. Venkatesha: Appl. Surf. Sci., 2008, vol. 254, pp. 2418–24.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. N. Guglielmi, J. Electrochem. Soc., 1972, vol. 119, no. 8, pp. 1009-12.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. A. Abdel Aal and H.B. Hassan: J. Alloys Compd., 2009, vol. 477, pp. 652-56.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. H.-Y. Chen, C. Chen, P.-W. Wu, J.-M. Shieh, S.-S. Cheng, and K. Hensen: J. Electron. Mater., 2008, vol. 37, no. 2, pp. 224-30.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. S. Ahat, M. Sheng and L. Luo: J. Electron. Mater., 2001, vol. 30, no. 10, pp. 1317-22.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. J. Shen, Y.C. Liu, Y.J. Han, Y.M. Tian and H.X. Gao: J. Electron. Mater., 2006, vol. 35, no. 8, pp. 1672-79.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. C. Wu, J. Shen, and C. Peng: J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron., 2012, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 14-21.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. A.K. Gain, Y.C. Chan, W.K.C. Yung: Microelectron. Reliab., 2011, vol. 51, pp. 2306-13.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. C.M.L. Wu and Y.W. Wong: J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron., 2007, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 77-91.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. H. Baker: Introduction to Alloy Phase Diagrams, vol. 3, ASM Handbook, ASM International, Materials Park, 1992.

  38. J.P. Lucas, H. Rhee, F. Guo and K.N. Subramanian: J. Electron. Mater., 2003, vol. 32, no. 12, pp. 1375-83.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. S.M.L. Nai, J. Wei and M. Gupta: Solid State Phenom., 2006, vol. 111, pp. 59-62.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. L.C. Tsao and S.Y. Chang: Mater. Des., 2010, vol. 31, pp. 990–93.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. P. Liu, P. Yao and J. Liu: J. Electron. Mater., 2008, vol. 37, no. 6, pp. 874-79.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Q.S. Mei and K. Lu: Prog. Mater. Sci., 2007, vol. 52, pp. 1175–1262.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. A.F. Mayadas and M. Shatzkes: Phys. Rev. B, 1970, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 1382–89.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. S.-Y. Chang, C.-F. Chen, S.-J. Lin and T.Z. Kattamis: Acta Mater., 2003, vol. 51, pp. 6191-6302.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. R. Sen: Ph.D. Thesis, IIT Kharagpur, India, July 2011.

  46. M. Venu: Ph.D. Thesis, IIT Kharagpur, India, July 2011.

  47. P. Babaghorbani, S.M.L. Nai and M. Gupta: J. Alloy. Compd., 2009, vol. 478, pp. 458–61.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. J.F. Archard: J. Appl. Phys., 1953, vol. 24, no. 8, pp. 981-88.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. H. Lu, X. Wang, T. Zhang, Z. Cheng and Q. Fang: Materials, 2009, vol. 2, pp. 958-77.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. P. Indyka, E. Beltowska-Lehman and A. Bigos: IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2012, vol. 32, pp. 1-6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. S. Bhattacharya, A. Sharma, S. Das, and K. Das: Unpublished Research, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, IIT Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India, 2012.

  52. W. Boettinger, C. Johnson, L. Bendersky, K. Moon, M. Williams, G. Stafford: Acta Mater., 2005, vol. 53, pp. 5033-50.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. G.T. Gaylon: “Annoted Tin Whisker Bibliography and Anthology”, NEMI Tin Whisker Modelling Project, 2003.

  54. K.N. Tu, J.O. Suh, A.T.C. Wu, N. Tamura, C.H. Tung: Mater. Trans., 2005, vol. 46, pp. 2300-08.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. M. Ortolani, C. Zanella, C.L. Azanza Ricardo and P. Scardi: Surf. Coat. Technol., 2012, vol. 206, pp. 2499-2505.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India

    Ashutosh Sharma (Research Scholar), Sumit Bhattacharya (Graduate Student), Siddhartha Das (Professor and Head) & Karabi Das (Professor)

Authors
  1. Ashutosh Sharma
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Sumit Bhattacharya
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Siddhartha Das
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Karabi Das
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Karabi Das.

Additional information

Manuscript submitted November 9, 2011.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Sharma, A., Bhattacharya, S., Das, S. et al. Fabrication of Sn-Ag/CeO2 Electro-Composite Solder by Pulse Electrodeposition. Metall Mater Trans A 44, 5587–5601 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-013-1894-5

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-013-1894-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation