Skip to main content
Log in

An Islamic Perspective on Coping with Life Stressors

  • Published:
Applied Research in Quality of Life Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

There is growing popularity among researchers, human-resource managers, and policy makers concerning the efficacy of coping strategies on employee well-being and work-family conflict. The role of religious belief and spiritual support mechanisms in maintaining effective well-being remains understudied. This research explores the Islamic concept and categories of coping strategies, and discusses the role they play in promoting the well-being of Muslim employees in general. We further examine various religious strategies that Muslims often use to cope with life stressors including religiosity, belief, trust in God, prayer, forbearance, supplication, recitation of the Qur’an, remembrance of God, patience and thankfulness; all of which serve as effective coping strategies and mechanisms in the face of life stressors.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abdel-Khalek, A. M. (2010). Religiosity, happiness, health, and psychopathology in a probability sample of Muslim adolescents. Mental Health, Religion and Culture, 10, 571–583.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Abi-Hashem, N. (2007). The agony, silent grief, and deep frustration of many communities in the Middle East: Challenges for coping and survival. In P. T. P. Wong & C. J. Wong (Eds.), Handbook of multicultural perspectives on stress and coping (pp. 457–486). Springer US: US.

    Google Scholar 

  • Achour, M. (2013). Work-family conflict and Women's well-being: the role of religiosity. Singapore: Lambert Academic Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Achour, M., Grine, F., Mohd Roslan, M. N., & Zulkifli, M. Y. (2014). Measuring religiosity and its effects on personal well-being: a case study of Muslim female academicians in Malaysia. Journal of Religion and Health. doi:10.1007/s10943-014-9852-0.

    Google Scholar 

  • Albani, M.N. (1987). Sahih Sunan Ibn Majah. Maktabat al-Tarbiyyah al-‘Arabi li-Duwal al-Khalij, Ed.1, 1317.

  • Albani, M. N. (1989). Sahih Sunan Abi Dawud. Maktab al-Tarbiyyah al-‘Arabi li-Duwal al-Khalij, Ed.1, 1525.

  • Albani, M. N. (n.d.). Silsilat al-Ahadith al-Dha‘ifah. Riyad: Dar al-Ma‘arif, Ed.1, 4040

  • Al-Fahdawi, S., & Al-Hawamdeh, N. (2002). The influence of Al-Taqua-piety on job performance and job satisfaction. MU’TAH Lil-Buhuth wad-Dirasatl, 17(2), 165–200.

  • Al-Munajjid M. S. (2006). Dealing with worries and stress. Available at: www.islam-qa.com/index.php? Pgarticle&lneng&article_id¼12.

  • Anshel, M. H. (1997). A model for coping with acute stress in sport. In L. Vander Velden, L. Chalip, & J. H. Humphrey (Eds.), Psychology and sociology of sport: Recent advances. New York: AMS Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beehr, T. A., Johnson, L. B., & Nieva, R. (1995). Occupational stress: coping of police and their spouses. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 16, 3–25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Belal, B., Hassan, Y., & Rusnah, M. (2009). Religiosity and work stress coping behavior of Muslim employees, education, business and society. Contemporary Middle Eastern Issues, 2(2), 123–137.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bhagat, R. S., Allie, S. M., & Ford, D. L. (1995). Coping with stressful life events: an empirical analysis. In R. Crandall & P. L. Perrewe (Eds.), Occupational stress: a handbook. Washington: Taylor and Francis.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blaine, B., & Crocker, J. (1995). Religiousness, race and psychological wellbeing: exploring social psychological mediators. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 21(10), 1031–1041. doi:10.1177/01461672952110004.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bradshaw, M., Ellison, C. G., & Marcum, J. P. (2010). Attachment to God, images of God, and psychological distress in a nationwide sample of presbyterians. International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 20(2), 130–147. doi:10.1080/10508611003608049.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Breakwell, G. M. (1986). Coping with threatened identities. London: Methuen.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bukhari, M. I. (1979a). Al-Jami‘ al-Sahih, Ed. Muhibb al-Din al-Khatib. Cairo: al-Maktabah al-Salafiyyah, Ed.1, 1283.

  • Bukhari, M. I. (1979b). Sahih al-Bukhari, Ed. Muhibb al-Din al-Khatib, Cairo: al-Maktabah al-Salafiyyah, Ed.1, 5640.

  • Bukhari, M. bin Isma‘il. (1980). Al-Jami‘al-Sahih al-Musnad min Hadih Rasuli Allah wa-Sunanihi wa Ayyamih. Ed. Muhibb al-Din al-Khatib. Cairo: al-Maktabah al-Salafiyah, Ed. 1, 6346, 1283, 5640.

  • Callan, V. J. (1993). Individual and organizational strategies for coping with organizational change. Work and Stress, 7(1), 63–75.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cox, T. (1985). Stress. Hampshire: MacMillan Publishers Ltd.

    Google Scholar 

  • Diener, E., Suh, E., Lucas, R., & Smith, H. (1999). Subjective well-being: three decades of progress. Psychological Bulletin, 125, 276–302.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ellison, C. G. (1991). Religious involvement and subjective well-being. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 32(1), 80–99. doi:10.2307/2136801.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Everly, G.S. (1989). A clinical Guide to treatment of the human stress response, New York & London.

  • Fabricatore, A. N., Handal, P. J., Rubio, D. M., & Gilner, F. H. (2004). Stress, religion, and mental health: religious coping in mediating and moderating roles. International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 14(2), 91–108. doi:10.1207/s15327582ijpr1402_2.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fiorito, B., & Ryan, K. (2007). Spirituality and psychological well-being: a mediator-moderator study. Review of Religious Research, 48(4), 341–368.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fleming, R., Baum, A., Reddy, D., & Gatchel, R. J. (1984). Behavioural and biochemical effects of job loss and unemployment stress. Journal of human stress, 10, 12–17.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Folkman, S., & Lazarus, R. S. (1980). An analysis of coping in a middle-aged community sample. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 21, 219–239.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Folkman, S., Schaefer, C., & Lazarus, R. S. (1979). Cognitive processes as mediators of stress and coping. In V. Hamilton & D. M. Warburton (Eds.), Human stress and cognition: an information-processing approach (pp. 265–298). New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frydenberg, E., & Lewis, R. (1993). The adolescent coping scale: Practitioners manual: Australian Council for Educational Research.

  • Ghazali, M. (2001). The socio-political thought of Shah Wali Allah. Islamabad: Islamic Research Institute.

    Google Scholar 

  • Greenglass, E. R., & Burke, R. J. (1991). The relationship between stress and coping among type as. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 6, 361–371.

    Google Scholar 

  • Haan, N. (1982). The assessment of coping, defense, and stress. In L. Goldberger & S. Breznitz’s (Eds.), Handbook of stress: theoretical and clinical aspects (pp. 254–269). New York: Free Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hackney, C. H., & Sanders, G. S. (2003). Religiosity and mental health: A meta-analysis of recent studies. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 42(1), 43–55.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hudson, (2005). The case for work/life balance: closing the gap between policy and practice. Hudson Australia and New Zealand, www.hudson.com

  • Hussin, R., & Noor, N. M. (2007). Work-family conflict, coping and well-being in nurses. In W. R. A. Rahman, M. A. Dzulkifli, H. S. A. Rahman, & W. S. W. Sulaiman (Eds.), The third international research colloquium: research in Malaysia and Thailand. Malaysia: IIUM, Department of Psychology.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ibn Hibban. (1993). Sahih Ibn Hibban bi-Tartib Ibn Bilban, Ed. Shu‘yab al-Arna’ut. Beirut: Mu’assassat al-Risalah, Ed.2, 2101.

  • Ibn Hibban M. A. (1994). Sahih Ibn Hibban bi-Tartib ibn Balban, Ed. Shu‘ayb al-Arana’ut. Beirut: Mu’assassat al-Risalah, Ed.2, 972.

  • Karim, G.M. (1984). Islamization of psychology. Third international seminar on Islamic thought. Malaysia: Kuala Lumpur.

  • Kasberger, E.R. (2002). A correlational study of post-divorce adjustment and religious coping strategies in young adults of divorced families. In Second annual undergraduate research symposium, CHARIS. Milwaukee: Institute of Wisconsin Lutheran College.

  • Kihlstrom, J. F. (1987). The cognitive unconscious. Science, 237, 1445–1452.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. New York: Springer Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leventhal, H., & Nerenz, D. (1982). Representations of threat and the control of stress. In D. Meichenbaum & M. Jaremko (Eds.), Stress prevention and management: a cognitive behavioral approach. New York: Plenum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Levine, S., & Ursin, H. (Eds.). (1980). Coping and health. New York: Plenum Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Loots, S. (2008). The role of exposure to suicide and coping strategies in the suicidal ideation of adolescents. Unpublished master’s dissertation. Bloemfontein: University of the Free State.

  • Lutfi, A. (1994). Operations of carry the pressure and its relationship to the number of psychological variables of teachers. Journal of Educational Research Center, University of Qatar, 3(5).

  • Machouche, S., Bensaid, B., & Grine, F. (2012). Positive thinking: an Islamic perspective. Al-Shajarah: Journal of the International Institute of Islamic Thought and Civilization (ISTAC), 17(2), 225–256.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marais, C.P. (1997). Salutogenesis as paradigm in change management. Unpublished Masters dissertation. Pretoria: University of South Africa.

  • Matheny, K. B., Aycock, D. W., Pugh, J. L., Curlette, W. L., & Cannella, K. A. S. (1986). Stress Coping: qualitative and quantitative synthesis with implications for treatment. The Counseling Psychologist, 14(4), 499–549.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McDonald, P., Brown, K., & Bradley, L. (2005). Explanations for the provision-utilisation gap in work-life policy. Women in Management Review, 20(1), 37–55.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McGillivray, M., & Matthew, C. (2006). Human well-being: concepts and measures. In M. McGillivray & M. Clarke (Eds.), Understanding human well-being. Basingstoke: Palgrave MacMillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moberg, D. O. (1979). The development of social indicators of spiritual well-being for quality of life research. In D. O. Moberg (Ed.), Spiritual well-being: sociological perspectives. Washington DC: University Press of America.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mujahid, A. M. (2006), 25 Ways to Deal with Stress and Anxiety. Available at: www.soundvision.com/info/peace/stresstips.asp.

  • Mundhiri, A. (2000). Al-Targhib wal-Tarhib, Ed. Muhammad al-Sayyed. Cairo: Dar al-Fajr lil-Turath, Ed.1, vol. 3:323.

  • Muslim, H. K. (1953). Sahih Muslim, Ed. Muhammad Fuad ‘Abdul Baqi. Dar Ihya al-Kutub al-‘Arabiyyah, Ed. 1, 2664, 1053.

  • Muslim, H.K. (1994). Al-Minhaj Sharh Sahih Muslim, Riyad: Qurtuba Group, Ed. 2, vol. 9: 241, 2999.

  • Myers, D. (1992). Pursuit of happiness: discovering the pathway to fulfilment, well-being, and enduring personal joy. New York: Avon.

    Google Scholar 

  • Noor, N. M. (2008). Work and women’s well-being: religion and age as moderators. Journal of Religion and Health, 47, 476–490.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Parkes, K. R. (1990). Coping, negative affectivity, and the work environment: additive and interactive predictors of mental health. Journal of Applied Psychology, 75, 399–409.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Patel, S. P., & Cunningham, C. J. L. (2012). Religion, resources, and work-family balance”. Mental Health I & Culture, 15(4), 389–401.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Qaysarani, M. T. (1995). Dhakhirat al-Huffaz al-Mukhraj ‘ala al-Huruf wa al-Alfaz, Ed. ‘AbdulRahman al-Qayrawa’i. Riyad: Dar al-Salaf, Ed.1, vol. 2: 1012.

  • Rotondo, D. M., Carlson, D. S., & Kincail, J. F. (2003). Coping with multiple dimensions of work-family conflict. Personnel Review, 32, 275–296.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Safaria, T., Othman, A., & Wahab, M. N. A. (2010). Religious coping, job insecurity and job stress among Javanese academic staff: a moderated regression analysis. International Journal of Psychological Studies, 2, 159–169.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tabarani, A.S. (1995). Al-Mu‘jam al-Awsat, Ed. Tariq bin ‘Awadh & Muhsin al-Husayni, Cairo: Dar al-Haramayn, Ed. 1, 6:240.

  • Tala’at, M.D. (2006). Islam and stress management (Part 4): Islamic coping mechanisms. http://theislamicworkplace.com/2006/12/23/islam-and-stress-management-part-4-islamic-coping-mechanisms/.

  • Tiliouine, H., & Belgoumidi, A. (2009). An exploratory study of religiosity, meaning in life and subjective well-being in Muslim students from Algeria. Applied Research Quality Life, 4, 109–127.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tirmidhi, M. bin ‘Issa. (n.d.). Sunan al-Tirmidhi, Ed. Ahmad bin Muhammad Shakir. Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 3524.

  • Van Hoorn, A. (2007). A short introduction to subjective well-being: its measurement, correlates and policy uses. Background paper prepared for OECD Conference on Measuring Progress of Societies. Istanbul, June, 27–30.

  • Veenhoven, R. (1984). Conditions of happiness. Dordrecht: Reidel.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Violanti, M. (1992). Coping strategies among police recruits in a high stress training environment. Journal of Social Psychology, 132, 717–729.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yamani M. bin Ahmad. (1991). Al-Nawafih al-Atirah fil Ahadith al-Mushtahirah. Ed. Muhammad ‘AbdulQadir ‘Ata. Beirut: Mu’assassat al-Kutub al-Thaqafiyyah, Ed.1, 143.

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank a Research and Development Division at Academy of Islamic Studies for financial assistance to prepare this article. The grant provided to the authors under research project BK029-2013 is highly appreciated.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Meguellati Achour.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Achour, M., Bensaid, B. & Nor, M.R.B.M. An Islamic Perspective on Coping with Life Stressors. Applied Research Quality Life 11, 663–685 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11482-015-9389-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11482-015-9389-8

Keywords

Navigation