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Perceived Stress and Sleep Quality among Chinese Drug Users: Analysis of Rumination as a Mediator and Resilience as a Moderator

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Abstract

Along with its economic prosperity, China faces a fast increasing rate of drug use. This study aimed to explore the relationship between perceived stress and sleep quality among Chinese drug users while considering rumination as a mediator and resilience as a moderator. Measuring scales, including the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale, the Ruminative Response Scale, the Perceived Stress Scale, and the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, were used to collect information from 104 Chinese drug users. The mediating analysis documented that the effect of perceived stress on sleep quality was mediated via rumination significantly. Resilience acts as a significant moderator on the relationship between perceived stress and poor sleep quality. Simple slope analysis further suggests that participants with a low level of resilience experienced more sleep disturbances given the same level of perceived stress compared to those with a high level of resilience. These findings indicated that psychological intervention that improves drug users’ resilience and reduces their rumination is helpful to release their stress and improve their sleep quality.

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Acknowledgments

Thanks to Ms. Xuemeng Li from the City University of New York for consulting during the preparation of the article.

Funding

Funding was provided by The National Social Science Fund of the People’s Republic of China (19BSH029), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2018 M632285), Postdoctoral Research Funding Program of Jiangsu Province (1701078C), and the Jiangsu Province Social Science Fund Project (18SHC006).

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  1. School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China

    Liu Liu

  2. Business School, Changzhou University, Gehu Road, Wujin District, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China

    Qilong Cao

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Liu, L., Cao, Q. Perceived Stress and Sleep Quality among Chinese Drug Users: Analysis of Rumination as a Mediator and Resilience as a Moderator. Int J Ment Health Addiction 20, 569–580 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-020-00388-9

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