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The significance of geological structures on the subsidence phenomenon at the Maceió salt dissolution field (Brazil)

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Abstract

In the present study, we investigate the subsidence phenomenon affecting some neighborhoods located to the west of the city of Maceió, State of Alagoas (northeastern Brazil), which is due to the underground solution mining of halite (NaCl) from 1977 to 2019. The first symptoms of this phenomenon, such as surface cracks, ground depressions, small earthquakes, etc., began to be noticed only in 2018. So far, it has already caused enormous damage to the local population, resulting in the creation of true “ghost” neighborhoods. In this study, we have integrated surface displacement determined from satellite images using the persistent scatterer interferometry and the small baseline subset (SBAS) InSAR techniques for the period of 2016–2020, and 2D numerical modelling based on the finite element method. The results showed a wide surface subsidence (2.6 km2) with maximum vertical displacements of − 100 cm and maximum subsidence rate of − 22 cm/year. Variations in the mechanical properties of geological faults significantly affect surface subsidence pattern. We speculate that the reactivation of fractures may be an important mechanism leading to the formation/propagation of numerous cracks at the surface. Finally, the study may provide a better understanding about settlement dynamics in salt dissolution fields.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank to Professor Eurípedes do Amaral Vargas Júnior of the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro. Authors would like to thank anonymous reviewers for their valuable contributions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geology, Alto Universitário, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Espírito Santo State, Guararema, Alegre, 29500-000, Brazil

    Marcos Eduardo Hartwig

  2. National Institute for Space Research, Astronautas Avenue, Jardim da Granja, São José Dos Campos, São Paulo State, 12227-010, Brazil

    Fábio Furlan Gama & José Claudio Mura

  3. Department of Geotechnical Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, São Paulo State, 13566-590, Brazil

    Jefferson Lins da Silva

  4. Inteligencia Geotecnica S.P.A, Av. del Parque 5339 of 410, Ciudad Empresarial, Huechuraba, Santiago, Chile

    Gonzalo Corral Jofré

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  1. Marcos Eduardo Hartwig
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  3. Jefferson Lins da Silva
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Contributions

MEH: Conceptualization, Methodology, Formal analysis, Project administration, Writing, Supervision. FG: Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology. JLDS: Software, Writing. GCJ: Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology. JCM: Data curation.

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Hartwig, M.E., Gama, F.F., da Silva, J.L. et al. The significance of geological structures on the subsidence phenomenon at the Maceió salt dissolution field (Brazil). Acta Geotech. 18, 5551–5573 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11440-023-01846-z

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