Abstract
Six topoisomers consisting of diethoxycarbonyl glycoluril have been successfully synthesized in one-pot by using a “figure-of-seven” building block through anti-connectivity and syn-connectivity reactions, respectively. The structures of all six topoisomers were first determined by X-ray crystallography. The finding that (±) CT isomers are the dominant products under thermodynamic control can be explained by the calculated relative energies of the six topoisomers. That the (±) CT isomers have the lowest energy is most likely due to the additional intramolecular electrostatic interactions between-NO2 and-OMe groups. The biological activities of the topoisomers were primitively investigated and the results of bioassay showed that the six topoisomers possessed obvious difference of herbicidal activity.
References
Murakami H, Kawabuchi A, Kotoo K, et al. A light-driven molecular shuttle based on a rotaxane. J Am Chem Soc, 1997, 119(32): 7605–7606
Bottari G, Leigh D A, Pérez E M. Chiroptical switching in a bistable molecular shuttle. J Am Chem Soc, 2003, 125(44): 13360–13361
Qu D H, Wang Q C, Ren J, et al. A light-driven rotaxane molecular shuttle with dual fluorescence addresses. Org Lett, 2004, 6(13): 2085–2088
Constable E C, Kulke T, Neuburger M, et al. Diastereoselective formation of P and M dicopper (I) double helicates with chiral 2, 2′: 6′, 2″-terpyridines. Chem. Commun, 1997, 489–490
Corey E J. Catalytic enantioselective Diels-Alder reactions: Methods, mechanistic fundamentals, pathways, and applications. Angew Chem Int Ed, 2002, 41(10): 1650–1667
Szpilman A M, Korshin E E, Rozenberg H, et al. Total syntheses of Yingzhaosu a and of its C(14)-epimer including the first evaluation of their antimalarial and cytotoxic activities. J Org Chem, 2005, 70(9): 3618–3632
Frisch H L, Wasserman E. Chemical topology. J Am Chem Soc, 1961, 83(18): 3789–3795
Walba D M. Topological stereochemistry. Tetrahedron, 1985, 41(16): 3161–3212
Smith J V. Topochemistry of zeolites and related materials, 1. Topology and geometry. Chem Rev, 1988, 88(1): 149–182
Chambron J C, Mitchell D K, Sauvage J P. Synthesis, characterization, and a proton NMR study of topologically chiral copper(I) [2]-catenates and achiral analogues. J Am Chem Soc, 1992, 114(12): 4625–4631
Dodziuk H, Nowiński K S. Topological isomerism: should rotaxanes, endohedral fullerene complexes and in-out isomers of hydrogenated fullerenes be considered as such? Tetrahedron, 1998, 54: 2917–2930
McArdle C P, Van S, Jennings M C, et al. Gold(I) macrocycles and topologically chiral [2]catenanes. J Am Chem Soc, 2002, 124(15): 3959–3965
Thordarson P, Bijsterveld E J A, Rowan A E, et al. Epoxidation of polybutadiene by a topologically linked catalyst. Nature, 2003, 424: 915–918
Lukin O, Godt A, Vögtle F. Residual Topological isomerism of intertwined molecules. Chem Eur J, 2004, 10: 1878–1883
Shoji O, Okada S, Satake A, et al. Coordination assembled rings of ferrocene-bridged trisporphyrin with flexible hinge-like motion: selective dimer ring formation, its transformation to larger rings, and vice versa. J Am Chem Soc, 2005, 127(7): 2201–2210
Fuller A M L, Leigh D A, Lusby P J, et al. Selecting topology and connectivity through metal-directed macrocyclization reactions: a square planar palladium [2]catenate and two noninterlocked isomers. J Am Chem Soc, 2005, 127(36): 12612–12619
Mohry A, Vögtle F, Nieger M, et al. Regioselective template synthesis, X-ray structure, and chiroptical properties of a topologically chiral sulfonamide catenane. Chirality, 2000, 12: 76–83
Choi D S, Chong Y S, Whitehead D, et al. Molecules with shape memeroy based on restricted rotation. Org Lett, 2001, 3(23): 3757–3760
Perret-Aebi L E, Zelewsky A, Buchecker C D, et al. Stereoslective synthesis of a topologically chiral molecules: the trefoit knot. Angew Chem Int Ed, 2004, 43(34): 4482–4485
Lukin O, Vögtle F. Knotting and threading of molecules: chemistry and chirality of molecular knots and their assemblies. Angew Chem Int Ed, 2005, 44(10): 1456–1477
Li H, Eddaoudi M, Yaghi O M. An open-framework germanate with polycubane-like topology. Angew Chem Int Ed, 1999, 38(5): 653–655
Abrahams B F, Batten S R, Grannas M J, et al. Ni(tpt)(NO3)2-A three-dimensional network with the exceptional (12,3) topology: A self-entangled single net. Angew Chem Int Ed, 1999, 38(10): 1475–1477
McArdle C P, Vittal J J, Puddephatt R J. Molecular topology: Easy self-assembly of an organometallic doubly braided[2] catenane. Angew Chem Int Ed, 2000, 39(21): 3819–3822
Kuramochi Y, Satake A, Kobuke Y. Light-harvesting macroring accommodating a tetrapodal ligand based on complementary and cooperative coordinations. J Am Chem Soc, 2004, 126(28): 8668–8669
Eickmeier C, Holmes D, Junga H, et al. A novel phenylene topology: total syntheses of zigzag[4]-and [5] phenylene. Angew Chem Int Ed, 1999, 38(6): 800–804
Schenk M, Smit B, Vlugt T J H, et al. Shape selectivity in hydrocarbon conversion. Angew Chem Int Ed, 2001, 40(4): 736–739
El-Sayed M A. Small is different shape-, size, and composition-dependent properties of some colloidal Semiconductor nanocrystals. Acc Chem Res, 2004, 37(5): 326–333
Liu J, Boarman K J. Regiospecific topochemical reactions controlled by trifluoromethyl directing groups. Chem Commun, 2005, 340–341
Weinelt F, Schneider H J. Host-guest chemistry. 27. Mechanisms of macrocycle genesis: the condensation of resorcinol with aldehydes. J Org Chem, 1991, 56(19): 5527–5535
Witt D, Lagona J, Damkaci F, et al. Diastereoselective formation of methylene-bridged glycoluril dimers. Org Lett, 2000, 2(6): 755–758
Wang Y Q, Luo W H, Xu R J, et al. Biological activity of brassinosteroids and relationship of structure to plant growth promoting effects. Chin Sci Bull, 1994, 39(18): 1573–1577
Wang J P, Zhang X Y, Chen Q H. Application of modified amino acid as a chiral building block in asymmetric synthesis. Chin Sci Bull, 2001, 46(23): 1952–1956
Buchwald H D, Durham L, Fischer H G, et al. Identity of tarichatoxin and tetrodotoxin. Science, 1964, 143: 474–475
Mosher H S, Fuhrman H D, Buchwald H D, et al. Tarichatoxintetrodotoxin: a potent neurotoxin. Science, 1964, 144: 1100–1100
Piccolo O, Spreafico F, Visentin G, et al. Zinc salt catalyzed rearrangement of acetals of optically active aryl 1-chloroethyl ketones: synthesis of optically active 2-arylpropionic acids and esters. J Org Chem, 1987, 52(1): 10–14
Hamilton J A, Chen L Y. Crystal structure of an inclusion complex of beta-cyclodextrin with racemic fenoprofen: direct evidence for chiral recognition. J Am Chem Soc, 1988, 110(17): 5833–5841
Wang Y S, Tai K T, Yen J H. Separation, bioactivity, and dissipation of enantiomers of the organophosphorus insecticide fenamiphos. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf, 2004, 57: 346–353
Wu A X, Chakraborty A, Witt D, et al. Methylene-bridged glycoluril dimers: synthetic methods. J Org Chem, 2002, 67(16): 5817–5830
Zhou B H, Yin G D, Liu X P, et al. Studies on topological isomers (I) spectrum properties and structure identification of C-shaped and S-shaped topological isomers. Chem J Chinese U (in Chinese), 2006, 27(1): 58–61
Wei F Q, Wu A X. Diethyl cis-1, 2, 3, 4, 510-hexahydro-7, 8-dimethyl-1,4-dioxo-2,3,4a,10a,-tetraazabenzo[g]cyclopent[cd]azulene-2a, 10b-dicarboxylate chloroform disolvate. Acta Cryst, 2005, E61: o1453–o1455
Chen Y F, Zhou B H, Yin G D, et al. Diethyl cis-1,2,3, 4,5,10-hexahydro-6-iodo-1,4-dioxo-2,3,4a,10a-tetraazabenzo[g]cyclopent-[cd]azulene-2a,10b-dicarboxylate. Acta Cryst, 2005, E61: o2470–o2472
Sijbesma R P, Wijmenga S S, Nolte R J M. A molecular clip that binds aromatic guests by an induced-fit mechanism. J Am Chem Soc, 1992, 114(25): 9807–9813
Sijbesma R P, Kentgens A P M, Lutz E T G, et al. Binding features of molecular clips derived from diphenylglycoluril. J Am Chem Soc, 1993, 115(20): 8999–9005
van Nunen J L M, Nolte R J M. Induction of liquid-crystallinity in molecular clips by binding of different guest molecules. J Chem Soc Perkin Trans 2, 1997, 1473–1478
Reek J N H, Elemans J A A W, Nolte R J M. Synthesis, conformational analysis, and binding properties of molecular clips with two different side walls. J Org Chem, 1997, 62(7): 2234–2243
Chakraborty A, Wu A X, Witt D, et al. Diastereoselective formation of glycoluril dimers: isomerization mechanism and implications for cucurbit[n]uril synthesis. J Am Chem Soc, 2002, 124(28): 8297–8306
Dewar M J S, Zoebisch E G, Healy E F, et al. Development and use of quantum mechanical molecular models. 76. AM1: A new general purpose quantum mechanical molecular model. J Am Chem Soc, 1985, 107(13): 3902–3909
Fabian W M F. Tautomeric equilibria of heterocyclic molecules: A test of the semiempirical AM1 and MNDO-PM3 methods. J Comput Chem, 1991, 12(1): 17–35
Wilamowski J, Kulig E, Sepiol J J. Synthesis and in vitro antifungal activity of 1-amino-3,4-dialkylnaphthalene-2-carboni-triles and their analogues. Pest Manag Sci, 2001, 57(7): 625–632
Abdelgaleil S A M, Hashinaga F, Nakatani M. Antifungal activity of limonoids from Khaya ivorensis. Pest Manag Sci, 2005, 61(2): 186–190
Wang B L, Duggleby R G, Li Z M, et al. Synthesis, crystal structure and herbicidal activity of mimics of intermediates of the KARI reaction. Pest Manag Sci, 2005, 61(4): 407–412
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
About this article
Cite this article
Zhou, B., Yin, G., Wang, Z. et al. Toposelective synthesis under thermodynamic control and bioactivities of topoisomers based on diethoxycarbonyl glycoluril derivatives. CHINESE SCI BULL 51, 2164–2168 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11434-006-2089-x
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11434-006-2089-x