Zusammenfassung
Das metabolische Syndrom beschreibt ein Cluster verschiedener Symptome und Erkrankungen, die mit einer erhöhten kardiovaskulären Morbidität assoziiert sind. Ursprünglich zählten dazu Adipositas, Dyslipidämie, Diabetes mellitus Typ 2, Gicht und arterielle Hypertonie. Diesen Merkmalen des metabolischen Syndroms liegt offenbar eine gemeinsame Pathophysiologie zugrunde, wobei die alimentäre Adipositas in Verbindung mit einer genetischen Prädisposition meist den Ausgangspunkt darstellt. In der Progression der metabolischen und vaskulären Störungen spielen Insulinresistenz und subklinische Inflammation eine entscheidende Rolle. Aufgrund der zumeist parallelen Entwicklung von metabolischen und vaskulären Schäden bietet das metabolische Syndrom gegenüber den klassischen Risikoscores keine zusätzlichen Informationen, es dient eher als Ansatz für die integrierte Diagnose und Therapie häufig gemeinsam auftretender Erkrankungen.
Abstract
The metabolic syndrome describes a common cluster of five metabolic vascular risk factors or diseases associated with increased vascular morbidity and fatty liver disease. Originally, these included obesity, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes, gout and arterial hypertension. A common hypothesis describes a sedentary lifestyle in combination with a metabolic susceptibility as central factors for the development of the metabolic syndrome. This results in acquisition of dysmetabolic adipose tissue which contributes to subclinical inflammation and insulin resistance as major factors for disease progression. Today the metabolic syndrome is accepted as a practical guide for an integrated approach of diagnosis and treatment of signs and symptoms that occur together and contribute to cardiovascular morbidity rather than a classical cardiovascular risk score.
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M. Hanefeld und F. Pistrosch geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.
Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine von den Autoren durchgeführten Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.
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J.F. Riemann, Ludwigshafen
P.-M. Schumm-Dräger, München
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Hanefeld, M., Pistrosch, F. Metabolisches Syndrom und Insulinresistenz. Gastroenterologe 12, 300–304 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11377-017-0176-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11377-017-0176-y