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Interaction of Lolium perenne and Hyphomicrobium sp. GHH enhances the removal of 17α-ethinyestradiol (EE2) from soil

  • Soils, Sec 3 • Remediation and Management of Contaminated or Degraded Lands • Research Article
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose

The increasing land application of sewage sludge and animal manure has accelerated the input of 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2) into soils and environment, which would influence the health of vegetables and also the hormonal system of animals. In order to remove EE2 from soils, one possible option is bioremediation by using EE2-degrading microorganism or/and EE2-accumulating plants. The study attempted to isolate EE2-degrading microorganism from soils, and investigate the effect of this microorganism and/or organic pollutant removable plant Lolium perenne on the removal of EE2 from soil.

Materials and methods

EE2-degrading bacteria Hyphomicrobium sp. GHH was obtained from farmland soil. Pot experiments were taken to investigate the inoculation of Hyphomicrobium sp. GHH, cultivation of L. perenne, and inoculation of Hyphomicrobium sp. GHH + cultivation of L. perenne on the EE2 removal from soil. The plant biomass, EE2 concentration in plant root and shoot, phytoremediation efficiency, and the soil urease activity and dehydrogenase activity were determined to evaluate the interaction of plant and microbe on EE2 removal from soil.

Results and discussion

The inoculation of Hyphomicrobium sp. GHH significantly increased root length of L. perenne as well as EE2 concentrations in root and shoot (P < 0.05). On days 14, 28, and 42 after the treatment with l. perenne cultivation alone, the phytoextraction efficiency of EE2 was 16.5, 25.2, and 29.8%, respectively, while this phytoextraction efficiency was improved by 82.0, 44.0, and 41.0%, respectively, with the inoculation of Hyphomicrobium sp. GHH. On days 28 and 42, the combination of Hyphomicrobium sp. GHH with l. perenne removed 94.0 and 99.0% of EE2, respectively, from the soil. EE2 was mainly stored in the root of L. perenne, with all the translocation factor (TF) values < 1. The promoting effect of different treatments on the removal efficiency of EE2 decreased in the order: L. perenne + Hyphomicrobium sp. GHH > L. perenne alone > Hyphomicrobium sp. GHH. This was consistent with the changing trend of the activities of soil urease and dehydrogenase, indicating that plant cultivation stimulated the growth of rhizospheric microorganisms.

Conclusions

Application of Hyphomicrobium sp. GHH in combination with L. perenne has great potential for remediating EE2-contaminated soil, and plant-microbe interaction has synergistic effect on the EE2 removal.

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Funding

This study was supported by the grant from National Natural Science Foundation of China (41501521, 41301327).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Zhejiang, 310012, Hangzhou, China

    Shanying He, Haihui Guo, Qiwei Chai & Li Lu

  2. Department Soil and Water Sciences/Indian River Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Fort Pierce, FL, 34945, USA

    Zhenli He

  3. College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China

    Chunping Yang & Tao Yu

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  1. Shanying He
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  2. Haihui Guo
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  3. Zhenli He
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  5. Tao Yu
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  6. Qiwei Chai
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  7. Li Lu
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Correspondence to Li Lu.

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Responsible editor: Daniel C. W. Tsang

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He, S., Guo, H., He, Z. et al. Interaction of Lolium perenne and Hyphomicrobium sp. GHH enhances the removal of 17α-ethinyestradiol (EE2) from soil. J Soils Sediments 19, 1297–1305 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-018-2116-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-018-2116-y

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