Abstract
With the insidiously growing impact of urban development on the environment, the issue of air quality has attracted extensive attention nationally and globally. It is of great significance to study the influence of urbanization on air quality for the rational development of cities. MODIS-MAIAC (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer-Multi-Angle Implementation of Atmospheric Correction) Aerosol optical depth (AOD) product, DMSP/OLS (Defense Meteorological Satellite Program/Operational Linescan System) and NPP/VIIRS (Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership/Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite) night-light were used to explore the spatiotemporal variation and correlation between AOD and urbanization development before and after the promulgation of environmental governance policies in Jinan City from 2009 to 2018. Results show that (1) the spatial distribution of AOD in Jinan had the characteristics of high in the north and low in the south, high in the west and low in the east, and low in some parts of the central region; there was a significant seasonal variation in time, with the highest AOD in summer and the lowest in winter. During 2009–2013, the annual average variation of AOD increased by 20.6%, while during 2014–2018, it decreased by 35.3%; (2) The distribution of night-light in Jinan City has progressively expanded, mirroring the city’s ongoing development. The spatial distribution of aerosols in urban areas was relatively low compared to the surrounding areas of the city. (3) From 2009 to 2013, there existed a significant positive correlation between the spatial and temporal distribution of AOD and night-light. However, from 2014 to 2018, with the implementation of environmental governance policies, this relationship shifted to a significant negative correlation between the spatial and temporal distribution of AOD and night-light. Through an analysis of the correlation between urban development and aerosol depth in Jinan City over the past decade, it can be concluded that urban development does not inevitably result in elevated AOD levels. Notably, the Jinan government has achieved remarkable results in controlling the atmospheric environment, as evidenced by recent years’ improvements.
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Data availability
AOD data was from MODIS-MAIAC products (https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/), and the DMSP/OLS image data from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric administration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | U.S. Department of Commerce (noaa.gov)), NPP/VIIRS data were obtained from the National Geophysical Data Center (NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)). The land cover map was from Copernicus Global Land Cover Layers (CGLS-LC100) Collection 3 dataset (https://land.copernicus.eu/global/products/lc100).
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Thanks to Shandong Normal University for its cultivation and support.
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This research was funded by the Technology Department of Shandong Normal University, grant number 304-0111107.
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Zeyu Zhang wrote the text of the main manuscript and compiled the charts. Yurong Cui conducted research guidance and improved the analysis and content of the manuscript. Jun Zhou contributed to the data analysis and the writing of the manuscript. Xiaoqian Liu, Yanwen Zhu, and Jingzhe Liu conducted data processing. Huixuan Li contributed to the writing and revised the manuscript.
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Zhang, ., Zhou, J., Liu, J. et al. Spatiotemporal changes of aerosol optical depth and its response to urbanization: a case study of Jinan City, China, 2009–2018. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 101522–101534 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-29546-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-29546-x