Abstract
Although the research framework of ecological function zoning is complex and diverse, there are not many spatially continuous zoning results, which can be effectively applied to watershed management practices. Ecosystem service bundles and trade-offs can identify interactions among multiple ecosystem services, and achieve better social-ecosystem management when applying to ecological function zoning. Taking the Dongjiang Lake Basin, China, as research area, the study used the InVEST model to investigate the trade-offs and synergies of ecosystem services at township and grid scales, respectively. Then, the study conducted ecological function zoning based on the bundles and trade-off intensity among ecosystem services. The results showed that food production showed extremely significant trade-offs with other services in the two scales, in which the trade-off intensity between food production and water purification was the largest, and the water areas were the hotspots of trade-off intensity. Based on the ecosystem service bundles at the township, combined with the trade-off intensity, the watershed was finally divided into four ecological functional zones, namely, agricultural product supply area (southern part in the study area), economic forestry area (northeast regions in the study area), water supply area (western areas of the study area), and forest conservation area (northern areas in the study area), accounting for 29.27%, 14.63%, 17.07%, and 39.03%, respectively. The study contributed to the ecological function maintenance and sustainable development in Dongjiang Lake Basin and provided an important reference in ecological zoning.
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The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
We are grateful to the anonymous reviewers and editors for their valuable comments and suggestions.
Funding
This research was sponsored by Hunan Provincial Key Research and Development Plan (2019SK2336, 2022NK2059), Hunan Provincial Hi-tech Industry Science and Technology Innovation Leading Plan (2020SK2019), National Sustainable Development Agenda Innovation Demonstration Zone Construction projects (2019SFQ21), Hunan Provincial Water Science and Technology Project (XSKJ2019081-31), Key Project of Hunan Provincial Education Department (21A0506), Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation Project (2022JJ50271), Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of DongTing Lake regional ecological environment intelligent monitoring and disaster prevention and mitigation technology, and Postgraduate Scientific Research Innovation Project of Hunan Province (CX20210861).
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Conceptualization: Wenbo Mo and Nan Yang; methodology: Wenbo Mo; writing—original draft preparation: Wenbo Mo; writing—review and editing: Nan Yang and Zhenggang Xu; funding acquisition, resources, and supervision: Nan Yang and Yunlin Zhao.
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Mo, W., Zhao, Y., Yang, N. et al. Ecological function zoning based on ecosystem service bundles and trade-offs: a study of Dongjiang Lake Basin, China. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 40388–40404 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-24782-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-24782-z