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Preparation of biochar from constructed wetland plant and its adsorption performance towards Cu2+

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Abstract

In order to solve problems in the treatment and disposal of huge production of artificial wetland plants and heavy metal pollution, two constructed wetland plants of reed and gladiolus were selected as raw materials to prepare biochar for adsorbing heavy metals from aqueous solutions. The experimental results showed that reed biochar prepared at 600℃ and activated by KOH with an impregnation ratio of 1:3 (KRAC-3) exhibited relatively high adsorption ability towards Cu2+. The optimal results analyzed by Design-Expert software showed that the maximum adsorption rate of KRAC-3 towards Cu2+ was obtained under the optimal conditions of adsorbent dosage of 1.2 g/L, pH of 4.96, and reaction time of 137.43 min. The adsorption of Cu2+ followed pseudo-second-order kinetics and the Langmuir adsorption model. The theoretical maximum adsorption capacity of KRAC-3 calculated from the Langmuir isotherm model was 148.08 mg/g. Microscopic tests with the help of SEM, EDS, and XRD revealed that physical adsorption, ion exchange, electrostatic adsorption, surface complexation, and precipitation were the main adsorption mechanism of Cu2+ loading onto KRAC-3. This study will provide a theoretical basis for the application of biochar prepared from constructed wetland plants and the treatment of heavy metal-containing wastewater.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (NO. ZR2021ME038, ZR2021QE272, and ZR2021QE087). This work was also supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NO. 51474122).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266520, People’s Republic of China

    Liping Xiao, Qiaoping Kong, Yunlong Lan & Dongxue Wang

  2. National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, State Environmental Protection Scientific Observation and Research Station for Lake Dongtinghu (SEPSORSLD), State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, People’s Republic of China

    Hongbin Lu

  3. School of Civil Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, 123000, People’s Republic of China

    Jiaxin Li

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  1. Liping Xiao
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  2. Hongbin Lu
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  3. Jiaxin Li
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  4. Qiaoping Kong
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  5. Yunlong Lan
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Contributions

Liping Xiao: resources, methodology, investigation, supervision, conceptualization, project administration, and writing – review and editing. Hongbin Lu: writing – review and editing. Jiaxin Li: methodology, investigation, resources, writing – review and editing. Qiaoping Kong: writing – original draft, writing – review and editing, methodology, investigation, and resources. Yunlong Lan: review and editing. Dongxue Wang: review and editing.

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Correspondence to Liping Xiao.

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Xiao, L., Lu, H., Li, J. et al. Preparation of biochar from constructed wetland plant and its adsorption performance towards Cu2+. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 47109–47122 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-18608-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-18608-1

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