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Food selectivity and reproductive biology of small indigenous fish Indian river shad, Gudusia chapra (Hamilton, 1822) in a large tropical reservoir

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Abstract

Assessment of life history strategies of economically important small indigenous fishes (SIF) which are rich in nutritive values is essential and imperative to artisanal and subsistence small-scale inland fisheries of Indian tropical reservoirs. The present investigation aims to estimate the food selectivity in juveniles and adults, reproductive traits such as sexual maturity, gonadosomatic index, ova diameter, and fecundity of Gudusia chapra from a large impounded ecosystem of India. A total of 668 (Juvenile 129, adult 539) specimens, 37 to 142 mm standard length and 0.89–25.68 g body weight were collected during October 2014–September 2015. The qualitative estimation of the stomach contents revealed herbi-omnivorous feeding behavior of fish. The mean relative gut length (mRGL) of the species was 1.557 ± 0.024 in juveniles and 1.154 ± 0.012 in adults. The sex ratio was 1:1.30 with dominance of females in the population though insignificant. The total length at which 50% individual attain maturity (TL50) was estimated as 80.50 mm based on the logistic curve. The absolute fecundity of the individuals ranged from 749 to15044, and ova diameter ranged from 0.10–2.00 mm. The gonadal indices (GSI, MGSI, and DI) indicated that spawning extended throughout the year with peak reproductive activity in October, March–April, and July (mean absolute fecundity ranged from 4000 to 6000). The present study characterized biological and reproductive traits of G. chapra from a large reservoir ecosystem and demonstrated a new trend of reproductive pattern which will serve as benchmark data for future assessment and management planning of this species in impounded waters. The study also suggested some specific management measures for sustainable exploitation and conservation of small indigenous species.

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Data availability

The study is an outcome of institutional project of the ICAR-CIFRI, and the concerned data and materials are available with the principal investigator and corresponding author.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to the Director, ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Kolkata for providing the facilities and financial support to carry out the study. We thank the Department of Fisheries, Govt. of Jharkhand and the fishing community of Panchet reservoir for their support and co-operation.The technical help rendered by Dr. Bandana Das Ghosh is duly acknowledged.

Funding

This study was funded by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700120, India

    Suman Kumari, Uttam Kumar Sarkar, Gunjan Karnatak, Sandhya Kavitha Mandhir, Lianthuamluaia Lianthuamluaia, Vikash Kumar, Debabrata Panda, Mishal Puthiyottil & Basanta Kumar Das

  2. ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Willingdon Island, Kochi, Kerala, 682029, India

    Sandhya Kavitha Mandhir

  3. ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Kausalyaganga, Bhubaneswar, 751002, India

    Debabrata Panda

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  1. Suman Kumari
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Contributions

Suman Kumari manuscript drafting, data collection, and analysis

Uttam Kumar Sarkar: study design, manuscript editing and guidance

Gunjan Karnatak: field data collection and compilation

Sandhya Kavitha Mandhir: reproductive biology analysis

Lianthuamluaia Lianthuamluaia: statistical analysis of data

Vikash Kumar: field data collection and tabulation

Debabrata Panda: feeding biology analysis

Mishal Puthiyottil: review of literature and manuscript editing

Basanta Kumar Das: overall guidance

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Suman Kumari.

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Kumari, S., Sarkar, U.K., Karnatak, G. et al. Food selectivity and reproductive biology of small indigenous fish Indian river shad, Gudusia chapra (Hamilton, 1822) in a large tropical reservoir. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 11040–11052 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-11217-w

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