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Adsorption mechanism of rhein-coated Fe3O4 as magnetic adsorbent based on low-field NMR

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Abstract

In the present study, a magnetic adsorbent, rhein-coated magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticle (RMNP), for Pb2+ and Mg2+ had been developed, and adsorption mechanism was studied via low-field NMR. RMNP was characterized by TEM, FTIR, and XRD. RMNP could adsorb and remove Pb2+ and Mg2+ from water and was successfully applied to remove Pb2+ and Mg2+ from wastewater, with satisfactory recovery rates and high adsorption capacities. The calculated maximum adsorption capacity for Mg2+ and Pb2+ was approximately 69.3 and 64.9 mg g−1 of RMNP, respectively, which was better than some results reported. Low-field NMR results showed that Pb2+ or Mg2+ enhanced the T2 relaxation time of RMNP, which suggested that RMNP selectively coordinated with Pb2+ or Mg2+ and led to the aggregation of RMNP, furthermore removal of Pb2+ or Mg2+ from water. The standard curves for △T2-cation concentration exhibited good line correlation. The linear ranges were from 4.2 × 10−6 to 2.0 × 10−4 mol L−1 for Pb2+ and from 5.0 × 10−6 mol L−1 to 1.0 × 10−4 mol L−1 for Mg2+, respectively. The limits of detection were 1.4 × 10−6 mol L−1 for Pb2+ and 2.1 × 10−6 mol L−1 for Mg2+, respectively. In short, low-field NMR could clearly display the interaction between RMNP and Pb2+ or Mg2+, even be used to detect Pb2+ or Mg2+ in suitable condition. Besides, this method could be expanded to study the interaction between other magnetic adsorbents and analytes.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to Fan Su, Linfei Ding of the Advanced Analysis and Testing Center of Nanjing Forestry University for the help in the research process.

Funding

This work was financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFD060070602), Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (19KJB220005), and the priority academic program development of Jiangsu higher education institutions, PAPD.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China

    Xu Sun

  2. College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China

    Li Xu, Wen Lu & Zhenzhen Gu

  3. Institute of Material Physics & Chemistry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China

    Li Xu, Wen Lu & Zhenzhen Gu

  4. College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Nanjing Normal University Taizhou College, Nanjing, 225300, China

    Weina Jiang

  5. Advanced Analysis and Testing Center, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China

    Yan Xuan & Shilong Yang

  6. National Engineering Research Center of Biomaterials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China

    Zhong Li

Authors
  1. Xu Sun
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  2. Li Xu
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  3. Weina Jiang
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  4. Yan Xuan
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  5. Wen Lu
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  6. Zhong Li
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  7. Shilong Yang
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  8. Zhenzhen Gu
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Contributions

Xu Sun: formal analysis, methodology, writing - original draft

Li Xu: project administration, writing - review and editing

Weina Jiang: methodology

Yan Xuan: resources

Zhong Li: formal analysis

Shilong Yang: methodology

Zhenzhen Gu: formal analysis

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Correspondence to Li Xu.

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Sun, X., Xu, L., Jiang, W. et al. Adsorption mechanism of rhein-coated Fe3O4 as magnetic adsorbent based on low-field NMR. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 1052–1060 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10541-5

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