Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Neurological effects of subchronic exposure to dioctyl phthalate (DOP), lead, and arsenic, individual and mixtures, in immature mice

  • Research Article
  • Published:
Environmental Science and Pollution Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Dioctyl phthalate (DOP) (200, 500, and 1000 mg kg−1 bw, i.g.), Pb (Ac)2 (50 mg L−1, p.o.), and NaAsO2 (10 mg L−1, p.o.) were administered individually and as mixtures to weanling male mice for 8 weeks. It was observed that Pb, As, and DOP exposure could significantly inhibit the growth and development of mice. Compared with the Pb, As, and Pb + As groups, the activities of iNOS and TNOS were significantly increased, the levels of AChE and SOD were significantly decreased, and the level of MDA was significantly increased in the Pb + DOP-H, As + DOP-H, and Pb + As + DOP-H groups. The factorial analysis shows that the iNOS, TNOS, and AChE present synergistic effects on Pb, As, and DOP. A significant increase of escape latency and a significant decrease of original platform quadrant stops were observed between Pb + As + DOP-H and Pb + As groups. The factorial analysis shows that there was a synergistic effect on Pb, As, and DOP. Compared with that of the control group, the expression levels of caspase-3 and Bax expression in Pb + As, DOP-H, Pb + DOP-H, As + DOP-H, and Pb + As + DOP-H groups were significantly increased in the hippocampus. The expression levels of Bcl-2 expression decreased significantly and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio increased significantly. Pathological alterations on the hippocampus were found in exposed groups. This result shows that combined exposure of Pb, As, and DOP could induce neurotoxicity, of which possible mechanism is hippocampal neuronal apoptosis.

This study shows that there were three components with eigenvalues greater than 1, which together explained 89.40% of total variance. The first component (PC1) showed high loadings on B-SOD, L-SOD, B-MDA, L-MDA, K-MDA, iNOS, tNOS, and AChE and accounted for 46.55% of the total variance after Varimax rotation. PC2 accounted for 23.81% of the total variance with high loadings on B-As, L-As, K-As, and K-SOD, whereas PC3 showed high loadings on B-Pb, L-Pb, and K-Pb and accounted for 19.04% of the total variance.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7

Similar content being viewed by others

References

Download references

Funding

This work was supported financially by the Specialized Research Fund for the Natural Science Foundation of China (81602889), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2017 M611741), Jiangsu Province Postdoctoral Science Foundation (1701108B), Research Foundation for Advanced Talents of Jiangsu University (15JDG146), and Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Liuqing Yang or Xiangyang Wu.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no competing interest.

Additional information

Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues

Publisher’s note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Highlights

• Pb, As, and DOP exposure could inhibit the growth and development of mice.

• There were synergistic effects on Pb, As, and DOP.

• Pb, As, and DOP exposure could induce neurotoxicity.

• The possible mechanism of Pb, As, and DOP is hippocampal neuronal apoptosis.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Feng, W., Wu, X., Mao, G. et al. Neurological effects of subchronic exposure to dioctyl phthalate (DOP), lead, and arsenic, individual and mixtures, in immature mice. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27, 9247–9260 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-06823-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-06823-2

Keywords

Navigation