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Heavy metal availability, bioaccessibility, and leachability in contaminated soil: effects of pig manure and earthworms

  • Sustainable Urban Agriculture: Vector for Ecological Transition
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Abstract

A pot experiment and a leaching experiment were conducted to investigate the effects of earthworms and pig manure on heavy metals (Cd, Pb, and Zn) immobility, in vitro bioaccessibility and leachability under simulated acid rain (SAR). Results showed manure significantly increased soil organic carbon (SOC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), available phosphorus (AP), total N, total P and pH, and decreased CaCl2-extractable metals and total heavy metals in water and SAR leachate. The addition of earthworms significantly increased AP (from 0.38 to 1.7 mg kg−1), and a downward trend in CaCl2-extractable and total leaching loss of heavy metals were observed. The combined earthworm and manure treatment decreased CaCl2-extractable Zn, Cd, and Pb. For Na4P2O7-extractable metals, Cd and Pb were decreased with increasing manure application rate. Application of earthworm alone did not contribute to the remediation of heavy metal polluted soils. Considering the effects on heavy metal immobilization and cost, the application of 6% manure was an alternative approach for treating contaminated soils. These findings provide valuable information for risk management during immobilization of heavy metals in contaminated soils.

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Funding

The research is financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (31670513), R&D program of Guangdong Provincial Department of Science and Technology (2016A020221023), Key project of Bureau of Science and Information Technology of Guangzhou Municipality (1565000109), and National Key Technologies R&D Program of China (2015BAD05B05).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China

    Feng Li, Zhian Li, Peng Mao, Yingwen Li, Yongxing Li & Ping Zhuang

  2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Feng Li & Peng Mao

  3. Section of Soil and Crop Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA

    Murray B. McBride

  4. School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QId 4072, Australia

    Jingtao Wu

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  1. Feng Li
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  2. Zhian Li
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  3. Peng Mao
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  4. Yingwen Li
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  5. Yongxing Li
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  7. Jingtao Wu
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  8. Ping Zhuang
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Correspondence to Zhian Li or Ping Zhuang.

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Responsible editor: Zhihong Xu

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Li, F., Li, Z., Mao, P. et al. Heavy metal availability, bioaccessibility, and leachability in contaminated soil: effects of pig manure and earthworms. Environ Sci Pollut Res 26, 20030–20039 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-2080-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-2080-5

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