Abstract
Dietary exposure to cadmium (Cd) in the Chinese population is currently a public health concern. China’s national standard for maximum limits (MLs) of Cd in foods needs to be assessed. The objective of this research is to estimate the impacts of different Cd MLs intakes from selected foods and food groups and to provide scientific evidence for ML establishment. Food consumption data were taken from the Chinese National Diet and Nutrition Survey. Cd contamination data were obtained from the National Food Contamination Monitoring Program. A beta binomial normal (BBN) model was applied in the probabilistic assessment. Different possible ML scenarios for rice were selected to assess the impact of different MLs on Cd concentration and intake. More than 70% of children aged 2–6 years and over 30% of the general population have a dietary daily Cd intake above provisional tolerable daily intake (PTMId). Cd intake changed greatly relative to baseline when different possible MLs were used, but the changes were not as large when compared among the different possible MLs. Cd exposure in China, especially for children, is a public health concern. It is recommended that the ML for rice be held at 0.2 mg/kg.
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Funding
This study was supported by Research Projects of Public Welfare Industry of Grains in China (201513006), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number 81273080), and the National Science and Technology Support Program of China (grant number 2012BAK01B00).
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Liu, P., Zhang, Y., Su, J. et al. Maximum cadmium limits establishment strategy based on the dietary exposure estimation: an example from Chinese populations and subgroups. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25, 18762–18771 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-1783-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-1783-y