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Fighting global warming by greenhouse gas removal: destroying atmospheric nitrous oxide thanks to synergies between two breakthrough technologies

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Abstract

Even if humans stop discharging CO2 into the atmosphere, the average global temperature will still increase during this century. A lot of research has been devoted to prevent and reduce the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the atmosphere, in order to mitigate the effects of climate change. Carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) is one of the technologies that might help to limit emissions. In complement, direct CO2 removal from the atmosphere has been proposed after the emissions have occurred. But, the removal of all the excess anthropogenic atmospheric CO2 will not be enough, due to the fact that CO2 outgases from the ocean as its solubility is dependent of its atmospheric partial pressure. Bringing back the Earth average surface temperature to pre-industrial levels would require the removal of all previously emitted CO2. Thus, the atmospheric removal of other greenhouse gases is necessary. This article proposes a combination of disrupting techniques to transform nitrous oxide (N2O), the third most important greenhouse gas (GHG) in terms of current radiative forcing, which is harmful for the ozone layer and possesses quite high global warming potential. Although several scientific publications cite “greenhouse gas removal,” to our knowledge, it is the first time innovative solutions are proposed to effectively remove N2O or other GHGs from the atmosphere other than CO2.

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Abbreviations

CCS:

Carbon capture and sequestration

CDR:

Carbon dioxide removal

GH:

Greenhouse

GHG:

Greenhouse gas

GW:

Global warming

IPCC:

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

MOF:

metal organic framework

N2O:

Nitrous oxide

PCR:

Photocatalytic reactor

SCPP:

Solar chimney power plant

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Acknowledgments

This research work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China 51106060) and in part by the Energy Saving of Wuhan MRT under Operation. The co-authors of this article would like to express their thanks to the two anonymous reviewers, for providing insightful comments and constructive advice that substantially improved the technicality of this article.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122, Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, China

    Tingzhen Ming

  2. Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier − UMR5253 CNRS-UM2 − ENSCM-UM1 – Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, 8 rue de l’Ecole Normale, 34296, Montpellier Cedex 5, France

    Renaud de_Richter & Sylvain Caillol

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA

    Sheng Shen

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  1. Tingzhen Ming
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  2. Renaud de_Richter
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  4. Sylvain Caillol
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Correspondence to Renaud de_Richter.

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Ming, T., de_Richter, R., Shen, S. et al. Fighting global warming by greenhouse gas removal: destroying atmospheric nitrous oxide thanks to synergies between two breakthrough technologies. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23, 6119–6138 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-6103-9

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