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Effects of operating conditions on trihalomethanes formation and speciation during chloramination in reclaimed water

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Abstract

In this study, a hybrid powdered activated carbon-membrane bioreactor (PAC-MBR) system was used to treat municipal wastewater in northern China intended for recycle. In order to control microbiological hazards in PAC-MBR effluent, chloramine was chosen as the disinfectant which could reduce the disinfection by-product yields. Effects of reaction time, chloramines dose, pH value, and bromide ion concentration on trihalomethanes (THMs) formation and speciation during chloramination of the reclaimed effluent were investigated. Study results indicated that the yield of total THMs (TTHM) increased at higher reaction time and chloramines dose. The trend of growth showed that slow reacting precursors were the main components of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in PAC-MBR effluent. THMs formation potential of PAC-MBR effluent achieved the maximum at chloramines dosage of 20 mg/L. Meanwhile, THMs formation was enhanced evidently under alkaline conditions. The yields of THMs species were in following order: CHCl3 > CHBrCl2 > CHBr2Cl > CHBr3, although in different reaction time, chloramines dose, and pH value. Furthermore, the formation of Br-THMs was promoted by the increasing concentration of bromide ion.

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Acknowledgments

The research was financially supported by the Key Scientific Technology Program for Environmental Protection of Shandong, China (16), and the National Major Special Technological Programmers Concerning Water Pollution Control and Management in the Twelfth Five-year Plan Period (2012ZX07203004).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Ji’ nan, 250100, China

    Fang Wang, Baoyu Gao, Defang Ma, Ruihua Li, Shenglei Sun, Qinyan Yue, Yan Wang & Qian Li

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  1. Fang Wang
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  2. Baoyu Gao
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  3. Defang Ma
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  4. Ruihua Li
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  5. Shenglei Sun
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  6. Qinyan Yue
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  7. Yan Wang
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  8. Qian Li
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Correspondence to Baoyu Gao.

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Wang, F., Gao, B., Ma, D. et al. Effects of operating conditions on trihalomethanes formation and speciation during chloramination in reclaimed water. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23, 1576–1583 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-5409-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-5409-3

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